Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39790075›Full record

ArticleEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin2025

Detection and characterisation of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (H5N1/H5N8) clade 2.3.4.4b, Hong Kong SAR, China, 2021 to 2024.

Wanying Sun, Ka Tim Choy, Ka Man Cheng, Christopher J Brackman, Samuel Ms Cheng, Thomas Hc Sit, Anne Cn Tse, Leslie D Sims, Haogao Gu, Amy Wy Tang and 7 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 in Cats (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Wanying SunSchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR), China.
Ka Tim ChoySchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR), China.
Ka Man ChengSchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR), China.
Christopher J BrackmanGovernment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSARG), Hong Kong SAR, China.
Samuel Ms ChengSchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR), China.
Thomas Hc SitGovernment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSARG), Hong Kong SAR, China.
Anne Cn TseGovernment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSARG), Hong Kong SAR, China.
Leslie D SimsAsia Pacific Veterinary Information Services, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Haogao GuSchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR), China.
Amy Wy TangSchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR), China.
Andrew Nc WongSchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR), China.
Andrew Tl TsangSchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR), China.
Joe Ct KooSchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR), China.
Leo Lh LukSchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR), China.
Hui-Ling YenSchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR), China.
Malik PerisSchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR), China.
Leo Lm PoonSchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR), China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We isolated three genotypes of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) clade 2.3.4.4b from wild birds infected with H5N1 (n = 12) and H5N8 (n = 1) in Hong Kong SAR 2021-2024. Viruses from two spoonbills from late 2022 were genetically related to a virus from a human in China. Four tested viruses exhibited variable virulence in mice but were susceptible to approved antivirals. No neutralising antibody was detected in 63 age-stratified human sera, suggesting potential risk should the virus adapt to humans.

Indexed as

BirdsInfluenza A Virus, H5N1 SubtypeInfluenza A Virus, H5N8 SubtypeInfluenza, HumanInfluenza in BirdsAnimalsAnimals, WildAntibodies, NeutralizingAntiviral AgentsChinaGenotypeHong KongHumansMicePhylogenyVirulenceAntibodies, NeutralizingAntiviral AgentsAvian influenza virusH5N1H5N8surveillance and risk assessment

Identifiers

PMID39790075
PMCPMC11719804

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.