Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39788974›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Double trouble: two retrotransposons triggered a cascade of invasions in Drosophila species within the last 50 years.

Almorò Scarpa, Riccardo Pianezza, Hannah R Gellert, Anna Haider, Bernard Y Kim, Eric C Lai, Robert Kofler, Sarah Signor

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Updated Transposable Element Libraries forbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  2. Lifestyles ofProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Rapid evolution and comparative analysis of piRNA clusters inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  5. Recent horizontal transfer of transposable elements inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. The ongoing invasion of the endogenous retrovirusbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Almorò Scarpa *Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Riccardo Pianezza *Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-6213-7853
Hannah R GellertDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-6629-0866
Anna HaiderInstitut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Bernard Y KimDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Eric C LaiDevelopmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, New York, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8432-5851
Robert KoflerInstitut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria. rokofler@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9960-7248
Sarah SignorBiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, USA. sarah.signor@ndsu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2401-0644

Funding

X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHYP30CA008748 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI SELWYN M VICKERS · 1985 to 2026
$347.4M
Selective regulatory and biogenesis mechanisms for microRNAsR01GM083300 · NIGMS · SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH · PI Eric C Lai · 2007 to 2026
$9.8M
Essential roles for RNAi/hpRNAs to resolve intragenomic conflicts in the male germlineR01HD108914 · NICHD · SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH · PI Eric C Lai · 2022 to 2026
$2.9M
Co-evolutionary dynamics between transposable elements and their hostsR35GM155272 · NIGMS · NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Sarah Signor · 2024 to 2026
$1.1M
Austrian Science Fund (Fonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung) P34965Austrian Science Fund (Fonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung) P35093National Science Foundation (NSF) NSF-EPSCoR-2032756NCI NIH HHS P30 CA008748NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD108914NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM083300NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM155272
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Horizontal transfer of genetic material in eukaryotes has rarely been documented over short evolutionary timescales. Here, we show that two retrotransposons, Shellder and Spoink, invaded the genomes of multiple species of the melanogaster subgroup within the last 50 years. Through horizontal transfer, Spoink spread in D. melanogaster during the 1980s, while both Shellder and Spoink invaded D. simulans in the 1990s. Possibly following hybridization, D. simulans infected the island endemic species D. mauritiana (Mauritius) and D. sechellia (Seychelles) with both TEs after 1995. In the same approximate time-frame, Shellder also invaded D. teissieri, a species confined to sub-Saharan Africa. We find that the donors of Shellder and Spoink are likely American Drosophila species from the willistoni, cardini, and repleta groups. Thus, the described cascade of TE invasions could only become feasible after D. melanogaster and D. simulans extended their distributions into the Americas 200 years ago, likely aided by human activity. Our work reveals that cascades of TE invasions, likely initiated by human-mediated range expansions, could have an impact on the genomic and phenotypic evolution of geographically dispersed species. Within a few decades, TEs could invade many species, including island endemics, with distributions very distant from the donor of the TE.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularGene Transfer, HorizontalPhylogenyRetroelementsAnimalsDrosophilaDrosophila melanogasterGenome, InsectIntroduced SpeciesRetroelements

Identifiers

PMID39788974
PMCPMC11718211

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.