Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39788632›Full record

ArticleThe European respiratory journal2025

Inhibition of AXL ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis

Dong Ha Kim, Ho Cheol Kim, Kyungtaek Im, In-Jeoung Baek, Yun Jung Choi, Hyeonjeong Lee, Da-Som Kim, Chae Won Lee, JaeYi Jeong, Kyosun Ban and 9 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The European respiratory journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
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  4. Multi-omics reveals a novel Cxcr4Clinical and translational medicine · 2026
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  8. Review
  9. PDGFRαAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Dong Ha KimAsan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Ho Cheol KimDepartment of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Kyungtaek ImAsan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
In-Jeoung BaekDepartment of Cell and Genetic Engineering, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Yun Jung ChoiAsan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Hyeonjeong LeeAsan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Da-Som KimDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Chae Won LeeAsan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
JaeYi JeongDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Kyosun BanDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Sang-Yeob KimDepartment of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Wonjun JiDepartment of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Jae Cheol LeeDepartment of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Hyun-Yi KimNGeneS Inc., Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
Yoonji LeeQurient Co., Ltd, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
Yeongin YangQurient Co., Ltd, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
Miyong YunLaboratory of Functional Aptamer, Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea.
Chang Min ChoiDepartment of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Jin Kyung RhoDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea jkrho@amc.seoul.kr.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationaleAlthough a relationship between the growth arrest-specific 6 (GAS6)/anexelekto (AXL) pathway and pulmonary fibrosis has been suggested, the precise mechanisms and clinical implications of the AXL pathway in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are still unclear.

methodsConstitutive and conditional AXL-knockout mice were generated and injected with bleomycin to induce pulmonary fibrosis. The expression of AXL and macrophage subtypes in bleomycin-injected mice and patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis was analysed using flow cytometry. The therapeutic effects of the AXL inhibitors were examined.

resultsAXL-deficient mice were resistant to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and had a lower degree of M2-like macrophage differentiation than wild-type mice. Interestingly, AXL expression in monocytes was enhanced according to the progression of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and these results were especially prominent in lymphocyte antigen 6C (Ly6C)

conclusionsThe AXL pathway in classical monocytes contributes to pulmonary fibrosis progression through the induction of M2-like macrophage differentiation. Therefore, targeting AXL may be a promising therapeutic option for pulmonary fibrosis.

Indexed as

Idiopathic Pulmonary FibrosisMacrophagesProto-Oncogene ProteinsPulmonary FibrosisReceptor Protein-Tyrosine KinasesAnimalsAxl Receptor Tyrosine KinaseBleomycinCell DifferentiationDisease Models, AnimalFemaleGrowth Arrest-Specific Protein 6HumansIntercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMaleMiceAXL protein, humanAxl Receptor Tyrosine KinaseAXL receptor tyrosine kinase, mouseBleomycinGrowth Arrest-Specific Protein 6Intercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsProto-Oncogene ProteinsReceptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases

Identifiers

PMID39788632
PMCPMC12138030

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.