Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39787592›Full record

Observational studyJournal of medical Internet research2025

Trends in Mental Health Outcomes of College Students Amid the Pandemic (Roadmap mHealth App): Longitudinal Observational Study.

Gautham Jayaraj, Xiao Cao, Adam Horwitz, Michelle Rozwadowski, Skyla Shea, Shira N Hanauer, David A Hanauer, Muneesh Tewari, Kerby Shedden, Sung Won Choi

Registry-linked trialAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of medical Internet research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04766788 (Monitoring Beliefs and Physiological Measures in Students at Risk for COVID-19 Using Wearable Sensors and Smartphone Technology), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04766788 completednot on this map

Monitoring Beliefs and Physiological Measures in Students at Risk for COVID-19 Using Wearable Sensors and Smartphone Technology

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of MichiganRan2020 to 2023Enrolled2,381ConditionsCovid19ArmsWearable devices, saliva samples, survey measures
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Gautham Jayaraj *Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9094-7099
Xiao Cao *Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8227-5098
Adam HorwitzDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6087-7950
Michelle RozwadowskiDepartment of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7864-383X
Skyla SheaDepartment of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0286-5300
Shira N HanauerDepartment of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0565-1311
David A HanauerDepartment of Learning Health Sciences, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6931-3791
Muneesh TewariDepartment of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7781-3152
Kerby SheddenDepartment of Statistics, College of Literature, Sciences, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7222-6664
Sung Won ChoiDepartment of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6321-3834

Funding

Phase I/II clinical trial of HDAC inhibition for GVHD prevention in children, adolescents, and young adultsR01CA249211 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI CHOI, SUNG WON · 2020 to 2024
$2.2M
Roadmap 2.0: A randomized controlled trial using a technology-mediated platform in family caregivers of BMT patientsR01HL146354 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI CHOI, SUNG WON · 2019 to 2023
$1.8M
Patient-Oriented Research and Mentoring in Hematopoietic Cell TransplantationK24HL156896 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI SUNG WON CHOI · 2021 to 2026
$870k
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA249211NHLBI NIH HHS K24 HL156896NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL146354
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe mental health crisis among college students intensified amid the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting an urgent need for innovative solutions to support them. Previous efforts to address mental health concerns have been constrained, often due to the underuse or shortage of services. Mobile health (mHealth) technology holds significant potential for providing resilience-building support and enhancing access to mental health care.

objectiveThis study aimed to examine the trends in mental health and well-being outcomes over 3 years among college students, with an exploratory aim to assess the potential impact of the Roadmap mHealth app on these outcomes.

methodsA fully automated longitudinal observational study was conducted remotely from a large public academic institution in the Midwestern United States, evaluating mental health and well-being outcomes among college students using the Roadmap mHealth app over 3 fall semesters from 2020 to 2022. The study enrolled 2164 college students in Year I, with 1128 and 1033 students returning in Years II and III, respectively. Participants completed various self-reported measures, including the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 for anxiety, and additional metrics for coping, flourishing, and loneliness.

resultsThe findings indicated an evolving trajectory in students' mental health. In Year I, depression and anxiety levels were higher compared with levels reported between 2014 and 2019, remaining stable into Year II. However, significant decreases were noted by Year III for both depression (Year I mean 7.78, SD 5.65 vs Year III mean 6.21, SD 4.68; t

conclusionsIn this study, students' mental health and well-being improved, with notable reductions in depression, anxiety, and loneliness, associated with an increase in flourishing. The app did not appear to worsen students' mental health. Based on the usage pattern, it is possible the app enhanced positive psychology-based practices. Future research should explore the efficacy of mHealth interventions through randomized controlled trials to further understand their impact on college students' mental health outcomes.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04766788; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04766788. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.2196/29561.

Indexed as

COVID-19Mental HealthMobile ApplicationsPandemicsStudentsTelemedicineAdaptation, PsychologicalAdolescentAdultAnxietyDepressionFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMidwestern United StatesanxietyappcollegecoronavirusCOVIDCOVID-19depressiondigital healtheHealthflourishinghigher educationlonelinesslongitudinalmental healthmHealthmobile phonepandemicpositive psychologySARS-CoV-2smartphonestudenttelehealthtelemedicinewellbeing

Identifiers

PMID39787592
PMCPMC11757984

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.