ArticleEuropean heart journal2025
Sex-specific risk factors for new-onset heart failure: the PREVEND study at 25 years.
Article in European heart journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of geranylgeranylacetone on diastolic and microvascular function in patients with heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction: A phase 2, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.European journal of heart failure · 2025Trial
- Heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction: synergy between cardiac and extracardiac mechanisms and effects of novel therapies.Heart failure reviews · 2026Review
- Sex-specific differences in disease severity and outcomes in left ventricular heart failure: a nationwide cohort study.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026Article
- Association of testosterone-to-estradiol ratio with inflammation and clinical outcomes among postmenopausal HFpEF.Endocrine connections · 2026Article
- TNFR2 Agonism as a Sex-Specific Therapy for Novel Osteoarthritis-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Heart failure in the elderly: epidemiology, mechanisms, and management.European heart journal · 2026Review
- Association between lactate-to-albumin ratio and 28-day mortality in critically ill patients with HFpEF: a retrospectively cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Decoding the Heart Failure Peptidome.Circulation. Heart failure · 2026Article
- Heart failure in 2025: new insights, therapies, and clinical directions.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Review
- Collective exerkines mediate physical activity mitigating new-onset heart failure risk in older adults with prediabetes or diabetes: a community-based longitudinal cohort study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Sex-biased plasma inflammatory protein profile in obesity.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Population attributable risk of traditional, under-recognised and female-specific factors for heart failure in women.Heart (British Cardiac Society) · 2026Article
- Pharmacologic treatment of obesity in adults: Standards of care in overweight and obesity.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2026Review
- Predicting heart failure decompensation: focus on non-invasive monitoring.Cardiology journal · 2026Review
- Artificial intelligence-driven design and optimization of mitochondria-targeted nanocarriers for chronic heart failure.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Gender disparities in heart failure diagnosis and management: under the radar.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Beyond body mass index: visceral adiposity and metabolic alterations as early markers of atrial dysfunction and atrial fibrillation in midlife.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Observational
- Sex-specific longitudinal changes in resting heart rate and all-cause heart failure: insights from the HUNT study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Association of the sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C ratio with heart failure beyond conventional LDL-C levels: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Sex and Gender Aspects in New-Onset Heart Failure Prognosis: A Review of Recent Advances.Current heart failure reports · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsCurrent estimates for the lifetime risk to develop heart failure with either a reduced (HFrEF) or preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and their associated risk factors are derived from two studies from the USA. The sex-specific lifetime risk and population attributable fraction of potentially modifiable risk factors for incident HFpEF and HFrEF are described in a large European community-based cohort with 25 years of follow-up.
methodsA total of 8558 participants from the PREVEND cohort were studied at baseline from 1997 onwards and followed until 2022 for cases of new-onset HFrEF (ejection fraction < 50%) and HFpEF (ejection fraction ≥ 50%) by assessment of hospital records.
resultsA total of 804 cases of new-onset HF were identified (534 HFrEF and 270 HFpEF) during 25 years of follow-up. The mean age at baseline was 50 years for men and 47 years for women. The mean age at onset of HF was 72.1 years in men and 74.2 years in women. The overall lifetime risk of developing HF was 24.5% in men compared to 23.3% in women. The lifetime risk of HFrEF was lower in women compared with men (11.9% vs. 18.1%), while the lifetime risk of HFpEF was higher in women compared with men (11.5% vs. 6.4%). In women, 71% of incident HFrEF cases were attributable to eight risk factors (hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, obesity, smoking, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, myocardial infarction, and diabetes mellitus) and 60% in men. In women, 64% of incident HFpEF cases were attributable to those risk factors, whereas this was 46% in men. More specifically, in both men and women, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia were the strongest risk factors for HFrEF, whereas hypertension and obesity were the strongest risk factors for HFpEF.
conclusionsIn this European cohort, the lifetime risk of developing HFrEF was greater in men than in women, while women were at greater risk of developing HFpEF. Eight directly and indirectly modifiable risk factors substantially accounted for the risk of developing HFrEF and HFpEF, particularly in women.
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