ArticleHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)2025
Racism and Postpartum Blood Pressure in a Multiethnic Prospective Cohort.
Article in Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Structural racism as a fundamental cause of health inequities: a scoping review.International journal for equity in health · 2025Pooled it
- Examining multilevel resilience as a moderator of associations between gendered racial microaggressions and postpartum mental health and functioning.Journal of psychiatric research · 2026Article
- Postpartum Hypertension: An Important Window of Opportunity to Optimize Maternal Health.Current hypertension reports · 2026Review
- Experiences of Racism and Risk of Preeclampsia in the Black Women's Health Study.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Article
- Persistent and de novo postpartum hypertension: a scoping review of pathophysiology, evaluation, and management.NPJ cardiovascular health · 2026Article
- Current hypertension epidemiology and contemporary approaches using the "Real-World Evidence Cycle" framework.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Review
- Racial/ethnic disparities in stages of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome among reproductive-aged women in the United States: NHANES 2011-2020.Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- The Prevalence and Stress Impact of Decredentialing as a Form of Gender Microaggression: A CERA General Membership Study.Family medicine · 2025Article
- Engagement with a Text-Based, Bilingual Blood Pressure Monitoring Program during Postpartum among a Multiethnic Population.MCN. The American journal of maternal child nursingObservational
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19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPostpartum hypertension is a key factor in racial-ethnic inequities in maternal mortality. Emerging evidence suggests that experiences of racism, both structural and interpersonal, may contribute to disparities. We examined associations between gendered racial microaggressions (GRMs) during obstetric care with postpartum blood pressure (BP).
methodsWe conducted a prospective postpartum cohort of 373 Asian, Black, and Hispanic people in New York City and Philadelphia. At delivery, we administered the GRM in obstetrics scale. We measured BP for 3 months using text-based monitoring. We estimated place-based structural racism with the Structural Racism Effect Index. We used mixed models to estimate associations between GRM and mean postpartum systolic BP and diastolic BP. We adjusted for race-ethnicity, education, body mass index, chronic hypertension (diagnosed at <20 weeks of gestation), age, and the Structural Racism Effect Index. We examined effect modification by hypertensive disorder of pregnancy and place-based structural racism.
resultsA total of 4.6% of participants had chronic hypertension, 20.9% had pregnancy hypertension, and 13.4% had preeclampsia, comprising a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy subgroup (n=117). A total of 37.5% of participants experienced ≥1 GRM. Participants who experienced ≥1 GRM versus none had 1.88 mm Hg higher systolic BP from days 1 to 10 (95% CI, -0.19 to 3.95) and 2.19 mm Hg higher systolic BP from days 11 to 85 (95% CI, 0.17-4.22). Associations followed a similar pattern for diastolic BP and were stronger among the hypertensive disorder of pregnancy subgroup. Participants experiencing GRM and a high Structural Racism Effect Index had systolic BP 7.55 mm Hg (95% CI, 3.41-11.69) and diastolic BP 6.03 mm Hg (95% CI, 2.66-9.41) higher than those with neither.
conclusionsStructural racism and interpersonal racism are associated with increased postpartum BP, potentially contributing to inequities in postpartum morbidity and mortality and lifecourse cardiovascular disease.
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