ArticleCureus2024
Serum Insulin, Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1, Testosterone and Lipid Profile Levels in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer at Diagnosis.
Article in Cureus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 and epidemiological evidence of the risk of prostate cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Mendelian randomization analysis reveals potential causal relationships between serum lipid metabolites and prostate cancer risk.Discover oncology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesProstate cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in men aged 65 years and older globally. The association of prostate cancer with deranged lipid profile and insulin levels is inconsistent and not well understood. This study aimed to analyze the serum levels of lipids, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and testosterone and to identify their association with the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer and its grading. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis case-control study includes 150 individuals. Cases were 50 newly diagnosed benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 50 histologically confirmed prostate adenocarcinoma patients. Fifty age-matched disease-free controls were included. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and summarized as mean ± standard deviation. ANOVA was used to determine statistically significant differences between two or more categorical groups. Chi-square was used to determine the association between variables of interest.
resultsData showed that serum insulin and IGF-1 were significantly elevated in prostate cancer and BPH, the highest being in the prostate cancer group, and had a significant positive association with prostate cancer Gleason score and grade. However, lipid profile had non-significant association with prostate cancer Gleason score and grade.
conclusionThis study confirms the association of insulin and IGF-1 with BPH and prostate cancer Gleason score and grade.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.