Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39780126›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2025

Effects of home bleaching agents on hybrid ceramics: mechanical properties and color change.

Waleed M Hafny, Imam M Ibrahim, Mohamed El-Demellawy, Hoda M Abdel Sadek

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Waleed M HafnyDepartment of Fixed Prosthodontics - Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity, St, El-Qobba Bridge, El Weili, Cairo Governorate, Egypt.
Imam M IbrahimDepartment of Fixed Prosthodontics - Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity, St, El-Qobba Bridge, El Weili, Cairo Governorate, Egypt.
Mohamed El-DemellawyDepartment of Fixed Prosthodontics - Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity, St, El-Qobba Bridge, El Weili, Cairo Governorate, Egypt.
Hoda M Abdel SadekDepartment of Fixed Prosthodontics - Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity, St, El-Qobba Bridge, El Weili, Cairo Governorate, Egypt. hodasadek@dent.asu.edu.eg.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHome bleaching is a promising option for addressing discolored teeth conservatively. However, its impact on the physical and mechanical properties of indirect restorations remains unknown. This study provides comparative insights into the material responses to aesthetic treatments by assessing the effects of home bleaching agents on two hybrid ceramics: VITA ENAMIC

methods60 discs (12 × 1 mm) were prepared from hybrid ceramics. Specimens were divided into two groups according to type of hybrid ceramic (30 specimens in each group); group A: VITA ENAMIC

resultsVITA ENAMIC samples exhibited significantly higher color change than Grandio Blocs (p < 0.001), while Grandio Blocs showed significantly higher biaxial flexural strength (p < 0.001). The concentration of the bleaching agent had no significant effect on color change (p = 0.086). However, regardless of its concentration, bleaching significantly reduced biaxial flexural strength in both materials (p < 0.001). Weibull analysis showed that Grandio Blocs had higher characteristic strength, while VITA ENAMIC demonstrated more reliable failure behavior.

conclusionsCompared to Grandio Blocs, VITA ENAMIC

Indexed as

Carbamide PeroxideCeramicsColorMaterials TestingTooth Bleaching AgentsDental PorcelainFlexural StrengthHumansPeroxidesSurface PropertiesTooth BleachingUreaCarbamide PeroxideDental PorcelainPeroxidesTooth Bleaching AgentsUreaVITA EnamicBiaxial flexural strengthColor changeHome bleachingHybrid ceramicsRestorative dentistry

Identifiers

PMID39780126
PMCPMC11707885

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.