Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39779041›Full record

ArticleCarbohydrate polymers2025

Characterization of heparin interactions with Clostridioides difficile toxins and its potential as anti-CDI therapeutics.

Fuming Zhang, Shaohui Wang, Jiyuan Yang, Keith Fraser, James M Gibson, Chunyu Wang, Jonathan S Dordick, Anastasia Tomatsidou, Robert J Linhardt, Lianchun Wang and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Carbohydrate polymers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Mechanisms ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Fuming ZhangDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA. Electronic address: zhangf2@rpi.edu.
Shaohui WangDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
Jiyuan YangDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
Keith FraserDepartment of Biological Science, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
James M GibsonDepartment of Biological Science, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
Chunyu WangDepartment of Biological Science, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
Jonathan S DordickDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
Anastasia TomatsidouDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
Robert J LinhardtDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
Lianchun WangDepartment of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
Xingmin SunDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Tampa, FL 33620, USA. Electronic address: sun5@usf.edu.

Funding

Multivalent vaccines against Clostridium difficile infectionR01AI132711 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI Xingmin Sun, Shifeng Wang · 2017 to 2026
$3.3M
ApoE and Heparan Sulfate Interaction in Alzheimer’s DiseaseR01AG087305 · NIA · RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE · PI JIAN LIU, Chunyu Wang · 2024 to 2026
$2.3M
Novel polymer biomaterials combating C. difficile infectionR01AI149852 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI CAI, JIANFENG, SUN, XINGMIN · 2019 to 2023
$1.9M
Regional 800 MHz NMR System UpgradeS10OD030482 · OD · RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE · PI MONTELIONE, GAETANO T · 2021 to 2021
$1.3M
Orbitrap Eclipse Tribrid Mass Spectrometer as a Regional ResourceS10OD032168 · OD · RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE · PI ZHANG, FUMING · 2023 to 2023
$1.2M
Heparan sulfate proteoglycan in the brain vascular clearance of amyloid-β and Alzheimer's diseaseR01AG074289 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI WANG, LIANCHUN · 2024 to 2025
$1.2M
Heparan sulfate proteoglycan in Alzheimer's diseaseR56AG062344 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI WANG, LIANCHUN · 2018 to 2018
$785k
Heparan Sulfate 3-O-Sulfation in Transcellular Propagation of Tauopathy in Alzheimer's DiseaseR01AG069039 · NIA · RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE · PI LINHARDT, ROBERT J, LIU, JIAN · 2024 to 2024
$555k
Glycomics-driven diagnostics for Candida aurisR21AI156573 · NIAID · RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE · PI CHATURVEDI, VISHNU, ZHANG, FUMING · 2021 to 2022
$454k
Development of probiotic-based and Clostridioides difficile-targeted therapeuticsR21AI183094 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI SUN, XINGMIN, ZHANG, YONGRONG · 2024 to 2025
$431k
Method development for simultaneous automatic assignment and structure determination in protein NMRR21GM143507 · NIGMS · RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE · PI LAI, RONGJIE, WANG, CHUNYU · 2022 to 2023
$416k
Effect of bile salt hydrolase inhibitors on Clostridium difficile infectionR21AI159745 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE KNOXVILLE · PI LIN, JUN, SUN, XINGMIN · 2021 to 2022
$416k
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI132711NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI149852NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI156573NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI159745NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI183094NIA NIH HHS R01 AG069039NIA NIH HHS R01 AG074289NIA NIH HHS R01 AG087305NIA NIH HHS R56 AG062344NIGMS NIH HHS R21 GM143507NIH HHS S10 OD028523NIH HHS S10 OD030482NIH HHS S10 OD032168
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection (CDI) is a life-threatening healthcare-associated infection occurring worldwide. C. difficile toxins (toxin A and toxin B) are the major virulence factors, causing CDI-related diarrhea and complications. Recent studies have shown that sulfated glycosaminoglcans (GAGs) are involved in mediating the cellular entry of these toxins. Although interactions between GAGs and toxins were reported, their binding kinetics and the structure features of glycans that facilitate toxin interaction have not been thoroughly studied. This research utilized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to directly measure the kinetics of interactions between heparin and various toxins. Both toxin A and toxin B bind to heparin with high affinity (K

Indexed as

Bacterial ProteinsBacterial ToxinsClostridioides difficileEnterotoxinsHeparinClostridium InfectionsHeLa CellsHumansKineticsProtein BindingSurface Plasmon ResonanceBacterial ProteinsBacterial ToxinsEnterotoxinsHeparintcdA protein, Clostridium difficiletoxB protein, Clostridium difficileClostridioides difficile toxinGlycosaminoglycanHeparinSurface plasmon resonance

Identifiers

PMID39779041
PMCPMC11783924

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.