ArticleVaccine2025
A comprehensive analysis of serotype-specific invasive capacity, clinical presentations, and mortality trends of invasive pneumococcal disease.
Article in Vaccine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Invasive Pneumococcal Disease burden, clinical characteristics, serotypes' distribution, immunization status and antimicrobial resistance: Evidence from 12-year hospital-based surveillance and cost analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Indirect Effect of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines on Pneumococcal Colonization: Persistence and Dynamics of Vaccine Serotypes in Sicily (Italy) 11 Years Postintroduction, 2009-2020.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Nasopharyngeal microbiota profiles and lytA-PCR status in adult pneumococcal pneumonia: distinct microbial communities and diagnostic implications.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2026Article
- Genomic characterization of mobile genetic elements associated with antimicrobial resistance inMicrobial genomics · 2026Article
- Immunogenicity and safety of biological E's 14-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PNEUBEVAX 14®) administered in a 2p + 1 schedule to healthy infants: a multicenter, randomized, active controlled, single-blind, phase III trial.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2026Article
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8 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundPneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) reduced invasive disease, but the overall prevalence of pneumococcal nasopharyngeal colonization among children has not changed significantly. Our knowledge of which serotypes, once colonized, hold a higher likelihood to cause invasive disease is limited.
methodsSerotype-specific invasive capacity (IC) of Streptococcus pneumoniae was estimated using an enhanced population-based invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) surveillance in children <7 years of age in Massachusetts and surveillance of nasopharyngeal (NP) colonization in selected Massachusetts communities in corresponding respiratory seasons. Serotype-specific IC was calculated by dividing the annual incidence of IPD by the carriage prevalence for each serotype. Serotype-specific relationship between NP carriage and IPD was evaluated by year, age group (<24 months vs 24-84 months), pre-PCV13 (2003/04, 2006/07, 2008/09) vs post-PCV13 (2010/11, 2013/14, 2015/2016) periods, clinical presentation, and outcome.
resultsA total of 293 IPD and 1602 NP isolates were included in the analysis. Most common IPD serotypes were 19A (34.1 %), 7F (9.2 %), 15 BC (8.9 %), 3 (5.8 %), and 22F (4.8 %). Serotypes 18C, 38, 7F, 19A, 3, 22F, and 33F displayed a higher propensity to cause IPD once colonizing the nasopharynx compared to 11A, 35B, 6C, and 21. Serotype-specific IC was generally lower in children older than 24 months. During the study period, we observed shifts in the dominant serotypes in relation to IC as well as changes between pre- to post-PCV13 era. Except for serotypes 14, 6A, 7F, 11A, 23A, 20, 35F, 7C, 6C and 15F all serotypes presented primarily as bacteremia. Pneumonia was attributed to serotypes 14 and 20; serotypes 35B, 23B, and 11A were responsible for the highest percentage of deaths.
conclusionThis study highlights the need for continued serotype-specific surveillance to better understand the disease potential of emerging serotypes and to guide optimal vaccination strategies.
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