ArticleJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2025
Melanoma Among Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.
Article in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Beyond survival: the risk of subsequent primary melanoma in childhood cancer survivors.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- Risk of subsequent primary melanoma in 68 002 five-year survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer in Europe: the PanCareSurFup cohort study.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- Article
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10 authors.
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Abstract
purposeMelanoma as a subsequent malignant neoplasm has been described among childhood cancer survivors; however, the risk factors and long-term survival are not well understood.
methodsWe assessed incidence, risk factors, and outcomes for melanoma among participants in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study cohort. Cumulative incidence and standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated, and multivariable Cox models were used to determine hazard ratios (HRs) and associated 95% CI for melanoma risk factors. Radiation exposure to seven body regions and melanoma status for each of eight regions per survivor were integrated into the Cox model.
resultsAmong 25,716 participants, 177 melanomas developed in 160 survivors (110 invasive, 62 in situ cutaneous, five ocular). The 40-year melanoma cumulative incidence was 1.1% (95% CI, 0.9 to 1.4) for all participants and 1.5% (95% CI, 1.0 to 2.1) among those receiving a cumulative radiation dose of ≥40 Gy. Compared with the general population, the SIR for invasive skin or ocular melanoma was 2.0 (95% CI, 1.6 to 2.4). A cumulative radiation dose of ≥40 Gy to the corresponding body region(s) of the melanoma (HR, 2.0 [95% CI, 1.1 to 3.7]), a cumulative cyclophosphamide equivalent dose of ≥20,000 mg/m
conclusionChildhood cancer survivors have more than a two-fold increased risk of melanoma compared with the general population, and those with an invasive melanoma have more than a two-fold risk of death. High-dose radiation and alkylating agent exposure, and bleomycin are important risk factors for melanoma and should be considered in future patient guidance and screening.
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