Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39777691›Full record

ArticlePaediatric and perinatal epidemiology2025

Maternal Prepregnancy Obesity and Offspring Intelligence Quotient at 5 Years: A Multicohort Analysis.

Courtney Dow, Elsa Lorthe, Jonathan Y Bernard, Cédric Galera, Laetitia Marchand-Martin, Muriel Tafflet, Pierre-Yves Ancel, Marie-Aline Charles, Barbara Heude

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. A Review of the Effects of Maternal and Paternal Obesity on Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Related Neurobiology in Rodent and Human Offspring.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Courtney DowUniversité Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9925-8460
Elsa LortheUniversité Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9654-8104
Jonathan Y BernardUniversité Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6418-983X
Cédric GaleraUniversity Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Center, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0549-9608
Laetitia Marchand-MartinUniversité Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8036-8387
Muriel TaffletUniversité Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2723-3096
Pierre-Yves AncelUniversité Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9632-7494
Marie-Aline CharlesUniversité Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-4390
Barbara HeudeUniversité Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1565-1629

Funding

AgenceNationale de la Recherche ANR-10-COHO-0001AgenceNationale de la Recherche ANR-11-EQPX-0038Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travailEuropean Union FP7 Programmes FP7/2007-2013Fondation de France 00050329Fondation de France R18202KKFondation pour la Recherche Médicale SPF 20160936356Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale SPF201909009122Foundation for Medical Research ANR-12-DSSA-0005-01French Ministry of HealthFrench Ministry of ResearchHuman Nutrition National Research ProgramsINSERM IRESP TGIR 2009-01Institut National de Prévention et d'Education pour la SantéInstitut National du CancerMutuelle Générale de l'Education NationaleNational Agency for Research ANR-23-CE36-0003-01National Institute for Research in Public HealthNational Institute of Health and Medical ResearchNational Solidarity Fund for AutonomyNestléParis-Sud UniversityPremUp FoundationSanté Publique FranceSociété Francophone du Diabète
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe relationship between maternal obesity and childhood cognitive development remains unclear. Prior studies did not adjust for important confounders, and preterm infants are a developmentally distinct group that remains scarcely examined.

objectivesTo determine whether maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) is associated with offspring intelligence quotient (IQ) up to 5 years and whether this relationship varies with gestational age.

methodsData from two French birth cohorts, EDEN (all gestational ages) and EPIPAGE-2 (preterm children born between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation), were used for this study. Maternal prepregnancy weight and height were used to calculate prepregnancy BMI. The Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence was used to assess child IQ around 5 years. Multivariable models were adjusted for confounders, including socioeconomic status and paternal BMI.

resultsAnalytical cohorts included 1100 children from EDEN and 2629 from EPIPAGE-2. Lower intellectual functioning (full-scale IQ < 85) was observed in 8.1% of children in EDEN and 19.6% in EPIPAGE-2. The prevalence of maternal obesity was 13.6% (EDEN) and 21.3% (EPIPAGE-2) among children with lower intellectual functioning compared to 8.9% (EDEN) and 12.9% (EPIPAGE-2) among children with normal intellectual functioning. Maternal prepregnancy obesity was associated with an approximately 3-point decrease in full-scale IQ scores in fully adjusted models (adjusted β -2.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] -5.6, -0.1 and -2.6, 95% CI -4.7, -0.6 in EDEN and EPIPAGE-2, respectively). In EDEN, maternal obesity was associated with lower scores in the verbal IQ domain. Among infants born preterm (EPIPAGE-2), maternal obesity was associated with lower scores in the processing, reasoning, and verbal IQ domains. Adjustment for paternal BMI did not change the magnitude of the relationship with maternal obesity.

conclusionsHigh maternal prepregnancy BMI is associated with child cognitive development around 5 years of age.

Indexed as

Child DevelopmentIntelligencePregnancy in ObesityPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsAdultBody Mass IndexChild, PreschoolFemaleFranceGestational AgeHumansInfant, NewbornInfant, PrematureIntelligence TestsMalePregnancycognitionmaternal healthneurodevelopmentobesitypregnancypreterm children

Identifiers

PMID39777691
PMCPMC11866737

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.