Advancements in Minimally Invasive Techniques in Pediatric Dentistry: A Review.

Minimally invasive dentistry (MID) has revolutionized pediatric dental care by emphasizing the preservation of healthy tooth structures, reducing treatment-related trauma, and improving patient compliance. This narrative review explores advancements in MID techniques, including silver diamine fluoride (SDF), resin infiltration, atraumatic restorative treatment (ART), bioactive materials, laser-assisted therapies, and three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies. These approaches prioritize early diagnosis, prevention, and conservative management, aligning with patient-centered and sustainable practices. SDF demonstrates high efficacy in arresting caries progression but presents esthetic challenges due to discoloration. Resin infiltration provides esthetic and noninvasive treatment for white spot lesions, while ART offers cost-effective and child-friendly caries management in resource-limited settings. Bioactive materials support tissue regeneration, and laser technologies enable precise and painless procedures, although their adoption is limited by high costs and training requirements. Emerging tools, such as artificial intelligence and 3D printing, enhance diagnostic accuracy and treatment precision. Despite challenges related to cost, operator training, and infrastructure, MID techniques continue to evolve, offering promising solutions for pediatric dental care. Future research should focus on optimizing materials, improving accessibility, and integrating digital technologies to broaden the impact of minimally invasive approaches. This review highlights MID's transformative role in improving oral health outcomes and ensuring sustainable, patient-focused care for children.