ReviewArthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation2024
Obstacle Course Races Present a Risk of Musculoskeletal, Knee, and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury, Especially in High-Impact Landing Maneuvers and Female Athletes: A Systematic Review.
Review in Arthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Purpose: To determine the incidence rate (IR) of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and associated musculoskeletal injuries in recreational and/or military-training obstacle course races (OCRs) and to determine whether there are any risk factors or features of OCRs impacting the rate of ACL injury in race participants. Methods: This systematic review was performed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. Studies were identified using the following electronic databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Scopus. The inclusion criteria were studies that were published in English between 2000 and 2023 that included participants in recreational and/or military OCRs and categorized injuries relevant to the ACL, knee, and/or lower extremity and/or categorized ACL injury risk factors in context relevant to OCRs. Systematic reviews, narrative reviews, and non-peer-reviewed studies were excluded. For all studies meeting the inclusion criteria, the full text was reviewed. Analyses of the IR and male-female IR ratio were performed on data collected. IR by sex was compared using the 2-sample Results: The literature search yielded 2,896 studies for initial review; 16 studies met the inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 8 reported injury data and 2 provided specific ACL injury data; the remaining studies reported risk factors relevant to OCRs. The total IR of ACL injuries in OCRs was 0.45/1,000 athlete-exposures (AEs) ± 0.40/1,000 AEs. Female individuals had a higher IR than male individuals (1.51/1,000 AEs ± 1.42/1,000 AEs vs 0.29/1,000 AEs ± 0.23/1,000 AEs; IR ratio, 5.14 ± 1.95 [95% confidence interval, 1.23-9.05]; Conclusions: OCRs require many high-impact and pivoting landings, thus presenting a notable risk of ACL and associated musculoskeletal injuries. The total IR of ACL injuries in OCRs was 0.45/1,000 AEs ± 0.40/1,000 AEs. The risk and IR of injury in OCRs are increased in female participants and on specific terrain (e.g., rubber matting). Level of Evidence: Level IV, systematic review of Level II-IV studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.