Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39776027›Full record

ReviewInflammopharmacology2025

Advancements in nose-to-brain drug targeting for Alzheimer's disease: a review of nanocarriers and clinical insights.

Kumari Komal, Rashmi Ghosh, Debayan Sil, Rohit Sharma, Sourabh Kumar, Prachi Pandey, Manish Kumar

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Inflammopharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Kumari KomalDepartment of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
Rashmi GhoshDepartment of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
Debayan SilDepartment of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
Rohit SharmaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
Sourabh KumarDepartment of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
Prachi PandeyDepartment of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
Manish KumarDepartment of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India. manish_singh17@rediffmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2042-1243

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a type of neurodegenerative disease that describes cognitive decline and memory loss resulting in disability in movement, memory, speech etc. Which first affects the hippocampal and entorhinal cortex regions of brain. Pathogenesis of AD depends on Amyloid-β, hyper-phosphorylation of tau protein, mitochondrial dysfunction, cholinergic hypothesis and oxidative stress. In comparison with males, females are more prone to AD due to reduced estrogen level. Some of the FDA-approved drugs and their conventional formulations available in the market are discussed in this review. Nose-to-brain delivery system provides the target specific drug delivery via olfactory and trigeminal nerve (active and passive drug targeting strategies) and bypassing the Blood Brain Barrier. Mucoadhesive agents and permeation enhancers are mostly utilized to enhance the retention time and bioavailability of the drugs. Liposomes, niosomes, cubosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, micelles, and many more nanocarriers for nose-to-brain delivery of drugs are also described thoroughly in this review. It also covers the clinical trials and patents for nose-to-brain delivery. In this article, we investigate the nose-to-brain pathways for AD treatment strategies.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseBrainDrug CarriersDrug Delivery SystemsNanoparticlesAdministration, IntranasalAnimalsBlood-Brain BarrierHumansNasal MucosaDrug CarriersAlzheimer’s diseaseAmyloid plaquesNanocarriersNasal cavityNeurofibrillary tanglesNose-to-brain delivery

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.