ArticlePaediatric and perinatal epidemiology2025
Timing of Delivery of Low-Risk Persons and the Risk of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Offspring: Sweden and British Columbia, Canada.
Article in Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Long-Term Neurodevelopmental Outcomes After Forceps, Vacuum, and Second-Stage Cesarean Delivery.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- The Trade-Off of Delivery Timing Between Reduced Perinatal Complications Versus Adverse Long-Term Outcomes.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAn evidence gap exists concerning the timing of delivery at 37-42 weeks and the risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring.
objectiveTo determine the association between timing of delivery in low-risk pregnancies at term (37-42 weeks) gestations and ADHD in offspring.
methodsThis population-based cohort study comprised 1,424,453 singletons in Sweden and 403,765 in British Columbia (BC), Canada, live-born at 37-42 completed weeks to low-risk pregnant women between 2000 and 2018. Children were followed up from age 1 until the date of death, emigration, their first diagnosis, or December 2020 (study's end date). The exposure was time of delivery assessed through gestational age, and the outcome was the diagnosis of ADHD. Cox regression models were used to examine the association between gestational age at delivery and ADHD.
resultsDuring the follow-up period, 59,989 children in Sweden were diagnosed with ADHD (4.5 per 1000 child-years). Correspondingly, in BC, during the same period, there were 27,445 children diagnosed with ADHD (7.4 per 1000 child-years). In Sweden, the adjusted hazard of ADHD was 10%, 6%, and 3% higher at 37, 38, and 39 weeks gestation compared with those born at ≥ 38, ≥ 39, and ≥ 40 weeks, respectively. In BC, the corresponding hazards were 9%, 6%, and 3%, respectively. Both regions showed no elevated ADHD risks for infants born at 40 weeks compared to those born at ≥ 41 weeks, with slightly lower rates at 40 weeks.
conclusionsIn low-risk pregnancies, births at 37 and 38 weeks were associated with a higher ADHD risk, while births at 40 weeks showed no increased risk compared with those born at later gestations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.