ArticleBioelectromagnetics2025
Effect of Physiologically Relevant Dehydration on the Dielectric Properties of Ground Beef.
Article in Bioelectromagnetics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Readily available animal tissue, such as ground beef, is a convenient material to represent the dielectric properties of biological tissue when validating microwave imaging and sensing hardware and techniques. The reliable use of these materials depends on the accurate characterization of their properties. In this work, the effect of physiologically relevant levels of dehydration on ex vivo tissue samples is quantified while controlling for variation within and between samples. Seven commercial ground beef samples (90% lean muscle, 10% fat) are dehydrated from 0.0% to 7.0% in 1.0% increments by weight. Dielectric measurements are collected using a conventional dielectric probe technique from 0.2 to 6 GHz. A linear mixed-effects model is used to control for within- and between-sample variation while modeling the effect of dehydration and dispersion across frequency. Significant (
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