Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39774966›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Multivalent S2 subunit vaccines provide broad protection against Clade 1 sarbecoviruses in female mice.

Peter J Halfmann, Raj S Patel, Kathryn Loeffler, Atsuhiro Yasuhara, Lee-Ann Van De Velde, Jie E Yang, Jordan Chervin, Chloe Troxell, Min Huang, Naiying Zheng and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Peter J Halfmann *Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1648-1625
Raj S Patel *Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Kathryn LoefflerSchool of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-4935-5819
Atsuhiro YasuharaDrukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Lee-Ann Van De VeldeDepartment of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-6205-1151
Jie E YangDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2438-8156
Jordan ChervinDrukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Chloe TroxellDrukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-9647-324X
Min HuangDrukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Naiying ZhengDrukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Elizabeth R WrightDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0712-9475
Paul G ThomasDepartment of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7955-0256
Patrick C WilsonDrukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3537-1245
Yoshihiro KawaokaInfluenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. yoshihiro.kawaoka@wisc.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5061-8296
Ravi S KaneWallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. ravi.kane@chbe.gatech.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3084-4098

Funding

The Midwest Center for Cryo-Electron TomographyU24GM139168 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI WRIGHT, ELIZABETH R · 2020 to 2025
$41.7M
PanCorVac (Center for Pan-Coronavirus Vaccine Development)P01AI165077 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI KAWAOKA, YOSHIHIRO · 2021 to 2023
$11.6M
NIAID NIH HHS P01 AI165077NIGMS NIH HHS U24 GM139168U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) P01AI165077
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The continuing emergence of immune evasive SARS-CoV-2 variants and the previous SARS-CoV-1 outbreak collectively underscore the need for broadly protective sarbecovirus vaccines. Targeting the conserved S2 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 is a particularly promising approach to elicit broad protection. Here, we describe a nanoparticle vaccine displaying multiple copies of the SARS-CoV-1 S2 subunit. This vaccine alone, or as a cocktail with a SARS-CoV-2 S2 subunit vaccine, protects female transgenic K18-hACE2 mice from challenges with Omicron subvariant XBB as well as several sarbecoviruses identified as having pandemic potential including the bat sarbecovirus WIV1, BANAL-236, and a pangolin sarbecovirus. Challenge studies in female Fc-γ receptor knockout mice reveal that antibody-based cellular effector mechanisms play a role in protection elicited by these vaccines. These results demonstrate that our S2-based vaccines provide broad protection against clade 1 sarbecoviruses and offer insight into the mechanistic basis for protection.

Indexed as

Antibodies, ViralSARS-CoV-2Spike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusVaccines, SubunitAnimalsAntibodies, NeutralizingCOVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesFemaleHumansMiceMice, KnockoutMice, TransgenicReceptors, IgGAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19 VaccinesReceptors, IgGSpike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusVaccines, Subunit

Identifiers

PMID39774966
PMCPMC11706982

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.