Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39774020›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Facial features of cartoon characters and their perceived attributes.

Asma Ashari, Lee Win Jo, Joshua Peh, Graham Oliver

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Asma AshariDepartment of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. asmaashari@ukm.edu.my.
Lee Win JoDepartment of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Joshua PehDepartment of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Graham OliverUniversity Dental Hospital, Wales, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between skeletal antero-posterior profile of popular family cartoon characters and their perceived personal characteristics. The Internet Movie DataBase (IMDB) was used to identify popular animated family movies released since 2000. Cartoon characters were identified, and classified based on their gender (male/female), skeletal profile (Class I, II or III) and character assessment (protagonist/antagonist). Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out. Chi Square analysis was used to assess the differences (p-value) between gender and character assessment against the skeletal profile. Fifty popular animated family movies were identified. Within these 88 humanoid cartoon characters were identified made up of 32 male protagonists, 27 female protagonists, 22 male antagonists and 7 female antagonists. 40, 30, 21 were assessed as having a Class I, II and III skeletal profiles respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed in both FPFA and MPFP values for Class III characters (P = 0.009 and P = 0.006, respectively). However, no significant variations were noted when comparing the remaining groups. Female antagonists and male protagonists were most likely to be portrayed with a Class III skeletal pattern when compared to female protagonists and male antagonists respectively.

Indexed as

FaceCartoons as TopicFemaleHumansMaleMotion PicturesCartoon behaviourCartoon charactersCartoon faceFacial profilePerceived attributesPersonal characteristicSkeletal pattern

Identifiers

PMID39774020
PMCPMC11707146

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.