Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39773239›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2025

Practice of self-medication to manage oral health issues in a community setting of Nepal.

Ashish Shrestha, Tarakant Bhagat, Santosh Kumari Agrawal, Ujwal Gautam, Naresh Prasad Joshi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ashish ShresthaDepartment of Public Health Dentistry, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.ORCID 0000-0003-3449-7134
Tarakant BhagatDepartment of Public Health Dentistry, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.ORCID 0000-0001-5322-0419
Santosh Kumari AgrawalDepartment of Public Health Dentistry, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.ORCID 0000-0002-6500-6628
Ujwal GautamDepartment of Public Health Dentistry, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.ORCID 0000-0001-9936-1524
Naresh Prasad JoshiDepartment of Community Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal. nareshjoshi.mds@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-4257-0071

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSelf-medication has been defined as the practice of self-diagnosis and medication use without seeking professional healthcare advice. Its prevalence for alleviating dental problems in Nepali communities has not been explored. This study was conducted to assess self-medication for oral health problems in a community setting in Nepal.

methodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in two conveniently selected wards of Baraha Municipality of Sunsari district in August 2021 using a pre-validated questionnaire in the Nepali language. The prevalence of self-medication for oral health problems was assessed. The chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to check its association with demographic variables.

resultsThe prevalence of self-medication was found to be 43.3%. The most common health problem leading to self-medication was toothache (78.5%). Around half of the respondents (55.1%) replied achieving temporary relief after its use while around a quarter (25.1%) thought that self-medication was effective in taking care of their problems. Three-quarters of the respondents (75.7%) knew that they had to visit a dentist if their problems persisted. The annual family income was significantly associated with the practice of self-medication for oral health problems. (p = 0.013)

conclusionSelf-medication was found to be frequently utilized by the people of Baraha municipality with almost every second person with oral health problems reporting using it to solve their problems. This phenomenon is disproportionately seen in those with lower economic status. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.

Indexed as

Oral HealthSelf MedicationAdolescentAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNepalSurveys and QuestionnairesToothacheYoung AdultCommunity surveyNepalOral healthSelf-medication

Identifiers

PMID39773239
PMCPMC11705745

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.