Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39773137›Full record

ArticleBMC anesthesiology2025

The effect of general versus spinal anesthesia on perioperative innate immune function in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.

Lotte M C Jacobs, Veerle Bijkerk, Lucas T van Eijk, Leo A B Joosten, Christiaan Keijzer, Jetze Visser, Michiel C Warlé

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC anesthesiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05562999 phase4completednot on this map

Deep Versus Moderate Neuromuscular Blockade During Total HIP Replacement Surgery to Improve POstoperative Quality of Recovery and Immune Function: a Randomized Controlled Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorRadboud University Medical CenterRan2022 to 2024Enrolled100ConditionsNeuromuscular Blockade, Innate Inflammatory Response, Quality of Life, Postoperative ComplicationsArmsRocuronium Bromide
NCT05723406 phase2completednot on this map

The Immunomodulatory Effect of Sugammadex After Total Hip Replacement Surgery Under Neuraxial Anaesthesia: a Pilot Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorRadboud University Medical CenterRan2023 to 2023Enrolled20ConditionsInnate Inflammatory Response, Osteoarthritis, HipArmsSugammadex 100 MG/ML [Bridion], Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Observational
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Lotte M C JacobsDepartment of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Lotte.jacobs@radboudumc.nl.
Veerle BijkerkDepartment of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Lucas T van EijkDepartment of Anesthesiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Leo A B JoostenDepartment of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Christiaan KeijzerDepartment of Anesthesiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Jetze Visser *Department of Orthopedics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Michiel C Warlé *Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIncreasing evidence shows that postoperative innate immune dysregulation is associated with delayed recovery and infectious complications. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of general versus spinal anesthesia on innate immune function during and after total hip arthroplasty (THA).

methodsThis comparative matched cohort study used data from two single-center randomized-controlled trials. Patients from the control group of the HIPPO study received general anesthesia and were matched to control patients from the MAGIC study who received spinal anesthesia in a 2:1 ratio (general(n = 18); spinal(n = 9)). Immune function was assessed by determination of ex vivo cytokine production capacity upon whole blood stimulation with E. coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and measurement of plasma cytokines and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).

resultsIn the general anesthesia group, ex vivo cytokine production capacity of IL-1β was significantly lower shortly after induction (p = 0.02) and both IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly lower at the end of surgery compared to the spinal anesthesia group (p = 0.002 and p = 0.02, respectively). On postoperative day 1 (POD1), no differences were observed. Plasma cytokine concentrations did not differ between the spinal and general anesthesia group at most timepoints, except for IL-10 at the end of surgery (p = 0.04) and TNF on POD1 (p = 0.04), which were higher in the general anesthesia group. Plasma concentrations of DAMPs did not differ between the groups.

conclusionsGeneral anesthesia has a transient impact on innate immune function in patients undergoing THA, but the clinical significance of anesthesia-induced innate immune dysregulation might be limited as no differences were observed on POD1.

trial registrationThe HIPPO study (NCT05562999, date of registration 2022-10-03) and MAGIC study (NCT05723406, date of registration 2023-02-10) are registered at ClinicalTrials.gov.

Indexed as

Anesthesia, GeneralAnesthesia, SpinalArthroplasty, Replacement, HipCytokinesImmunity, InnateAgedClinical Trials, Phase II as TopicClinical Trials, Phase IV as TopicCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicCytokinesAnesthesiaInnate immune functionTotal hip arthroplasty

Identifiers

PMID39773137
PMCPMC11705907

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.