ArticleViruses2024
A Subunit Vaccine Harboring the Fusion Capsid Proteins of Porcine Circovirus Types 2, 3, and 4 Induces Protective Immune Responses in a Mouse Model.
Article in Viruses, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Preparation and immunological effects of a bivalent subunit candidate vaccine based on the PCV-Cap-2-3 gene engineered from baculovirus.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Emerging Challenges and Advances in Porcine Circovirus: A Decade in Review.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Review
- Knowledge gaps in research and control of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) infections.BMC veterinary research · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Coinfections with porcine circovirus types 2, 3, and 4 (PCV2, PCV3, and PCV4) are increasingly being detected in the swine industry. However, there is no commercially available vaccine which prevents coinfection with PCV2, PCV3, and PCV4. The development of a vaccine expressing capsid (Cap) fusion proteins of multiple PCVs represents a promising approach for broadly preventing infection with PCVs. In this study, we developed a PCV subunit vaccine candidate (Cap 2-3-4) by predicting, screening, and fusing antigenic epitopes of Cap proteins of PCV2, PCV3, and PCV4. Immunoprotection assays showed that the prokaryotic expression of Cap 2-3-4 could effectively induce high levels of PCV2, PCV3, and PCV4 Cap-specific antibodies and successfully neutralize both PCV2 and PCV3. Furthermore, Cap 2-3-4 demonstrated a potent ability to activate cellular immunity and thus prevent lung damage in mice. This study provides a new option for the development of broad vaccines against PCVs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.