Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39771778›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2024

Mind the Step: An Artificial Intelligence-Based Monitoring Platform for Animal Welfare.

Andrea Michielon, Paolo Litta, Francesca Bonelli, Gregorio Don, Stefano Farisè, Diana Giannuzzi, Marco Milanesi, Daniele Pietrucci, Angelica Vezzoli, Alessio Cecchinato and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Recent Advances in Vision-Based Beef Cattle Body Measurement Technologies.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Andrea MichielonOrobix Life, 24121 Bergamo, Italy.ORCID 0009-0008-2502-9818
Paolo LittaOrobix Life, 24121 Bergamo, Italy.ORCID 0009-0004-8210-2189
Francesca BonelliDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4119-7781
Gregorio DonDepartment of Agronomy, Animals, Food, Natural Resources, and Environment-DAFNAE, University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.ORCID 0009-0004-7125-2907
Stefano FarisèOrobix Life, 24121 Bergamo, Italy.
Diana GiannuzziDepartment of Agronomy, Animals, Food, Natural Resources, and Environment-DAFNAE, University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2975-0385
Marco MilanesiDepartment for Innovation in Biological, Agri-Food, and Forestry Systems-DIBAF, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6244-7455
Daniele PietrucciDepartment for Innovation in Biological, Agri-Food, and Forestry Systems-DIBAF, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4233-0839
Angelica VezzoliOrobix Life, 24121 Bergamo, Italy.
Alessio CecchinatoDepartment of Agronomy, Animals, Food, Natural Resources, and Environment-DAFNAE, University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3518-720X
Giovanni ChillemiDepartment for Innovation in Biological, Agri-Food, and Forestry Systems-DIBAF, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3901-6926
Luigi GalloDepartment of Agronomy, Animals, Food, Natural Resources, and Environment-DAFNAE, University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8908-5105
Marcello MeleDepartment of Agriculture, Food and Environment-DAFE, Università di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7896-012X
Cesare FurlanelloOrobix Life, 24121 Bergamo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5384-3605

Funding

MUR Italy MUR: AGRITECH "National Research Centre for Agricultural Technologies" - CUP CN00000022
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We present an artificial intelligence (AI)-enhanced monitoring framework designed to assist personnel in evaluating and maintaining animal welfare using a modular architecture. This framework integrates multiple deep learning models to automatically compute metrics relevant to assessing animal well-being. Using deep learning for AI-based vision adapted from industrial applications and human behavioral analysis, the framework includes modules for markerless animal identification and health status assessment (e.g., locomotion score and body condition score). Methods for behavioral analysis are also included to evaluate how nutritional and rearing conditions impact behaviors. These models are initially trained on public datasets and then fine-tuned on original data. We demonstrate the approach through two use cases: a health monitoring system for dairy cattle and a piglet behavior analysis system. The results indicate that scalable deep learning and edge computing solutions can support precision livestock farming by automating welfare assessments and enabling timely, data-driven interventions.

Indexed as

Animal WelfareArtificial IntelligenceAnimalsBehavior, AnimalCattleDeep LearningHumansMonitoring, PhysiologicSwineAI/MLbehavioral analysisbody condition scorelocomotion scoreprecision livestock farming

Identifiers

PMID39771778
PMCPMC11679443

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.