Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39769833›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2024

Nondestructive Monitoring of Textile-Reinforced Cementitious Composites Subjected to Freeze-Thaw Cycles.

Nicolas Ospitia, Ali Pourkazemi, Eleni Tsangouri, Thaer Tayeh, Johan H Stiens, Dimitrios G Aggelis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Nicolas OspitiaDepartment of Mechanics of Materials and Constructions, Faculty of Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-6116-5763
Ali PourkazemiDepartment of Electronics and Informatics ETRO-IR, Faculty of Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Eleni TsangouriDepartment of Mechanics of Materials and Constructions, Faculty of Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-6553-137X
Thaer TayehDepartment of Mechanics of Materials and Constructions, Faculty of Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Johan H StiensDepartment of Electronics and Informatics ETRO-IR, Faculty of Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-5049-7885
Dimitrios G AggelisDepartment of Mechanics of Materials and Constructions, Faculty of Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.

Funding

Innoviris TRM4aSFResearch Foundation - Flanders 1249924NResearch Foundation - Flanders G.0337.19N
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cementitious materials are susceptible to damage not only from mechanical loading, but also from environmental (physical, chemical, and biological) factors. For Textile-Reinforced Cementitious (TRC) composites, durability poses a significant challenge, and a reliable method to assess long-term performance is still lacking. Among various durability attacks, freeze-thaw can induce internal cracking within the cementitious matrix, and weaken the textile-matrix bond. Such cracks result from hydraulic, osmotic, and crystallization pressure arising from the thermal cycles, leading to a reduction in the stiffness in the TRC composites. Early detection of freeze-thaw deterioration can significantly reduce the cost of repair, which is only possible through periodic, full-field monitoring of the composite. Full-field monitoring provides a comprehensive view of the damage distribution, offering valuable insights into the causes and progression of damage. The crack location, size, and pattern give more information than that offered by single-point measurement. While visual inspections are commonly employed for crack assessment, they are often time-consuming. Technological advances now enable crack pattern classification based on high-quality surface images; however, these methods only provide information limited to the surface. Elastic wave-based non-destructive testing (NDT) methods are highly sensitive to the material's mechanical properties, and therefore are widely used for damage monitoring. On the other hand, electromagnetic wave-based NDTs offer the advantage of fast, non-contact measurements. Micro- and millimeter wave frequencies offer a balance of high resolution and wave penetration, although they have not yet been sufficiently explored for detecting damage in cementitious composites. In this study, TRC specimens were subjected to up to 150 freeze-thaw cycles and monitored using a combination of active elastic and electromagnetic wave-based NDT mapping methods. For this purpose, transmission measurements were conducted at multiple points, with ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) employed as a benchmark and, for the first time, millimeter wave (MMW) spectrometry applied. This multi-modal mapping approach enabled the tracking of damage progression, and the identification of degraded zones.

Indexed as

freeze–thawMMW spectrometryNDTTRCUPV

Identifiers

PMID39769833
PMCPMC11679942

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.