ArticleBiomedicines2024
Direct Pathway Neurons in the Mouse Ventral Striatum Are Active During Goal-Directed Action but Not Reward Consumption During Operant Conditioning.
Article in Biomedicines, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Context-dependent interaction between goal-directed and habitual control under time pressure.Communications psychology · 2026Article
- Advancing Stroke Recovery Through Operant Conditioning of Corticomuscular Coherence.Restorative neurology and neuroscience · 2026Review
- Using miniscopes and deep learning to compare neurobehavioral representations of psychostimulant and opioid self-administration.Addiction neuroscience · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesLearning is classically modeled to consist of an acquisition period followed by a mastery period when the skill no longer requires conscious control and becomes automatic. Dopamine neurons projecting to the ventral striatum (VS) produce a teaching signal that shifts from responding to rewarding or aversive events to anticipating cues, thus facilitating learning. However, the role of the dopamine-receptive neurons in the ventral striatum, particularly in encoding decision-making processes, remains less understood.
methodsHere, we introduce an operant conditioning paradigm using open-source microcontrollers to train mice in three sequential learning phases.
resultsWe find that dSPNs are specifically engaged when the mouse makes a decision to perform a reward-seeking action in response to a CS but are largely inactive during actions taken outside the CS.
conclusionsThese findings suggest that direct pathway neurons in the VS contribute to decision-making in learned action-outcome associations, indicating a specialized role in initiating operant behaviors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.