Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39766751›Full record

ArticleEntropy (Basel, Switzerland)2024

Revisions of the Phenomenological and Statistical Statements of the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

Grzegorz Marcin Koczan, Roberto Zivieri

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Entropy (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Grzegorz Marcin KoczanDepartment of Mechanical Processing of Wood, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-3692-6270
Roberto ZivieriIstituto Nazionale di Alta Matematica (INdAM), 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7338-6758

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The status of the Second Law of Thermodynamics, even in the 21st century, is not as certain as when Arthur Eddington wrote about it a hundred years ago. It is not only about the truth of this law, but rather about its strict and exhaustive formulation. In the previous article, it was shown that two of the three most famous thermodynamic formulations of the Second Law of Thermodynamics are non-exhaustive. However, the status of the statistical approach, contrary to common and unfounded opinions, is even more difficult. It is known that Boltzmann did not manage to completely and correctly derive the Second Law of Thermodynamics from statistical mechanics, even though he probably did everything he could in this regard. In particular, he introduced molecular chaos into the extension of the Liouville equation, obtaining the Boltzmann equation. By using the

Indexed as

Boltzmann H theoremCarnot enginefluctuation theoremsheat–temperature inequalityideal-gas entropyperpetuum mobile of the third kindprobabilistic scheme of second law of thermodynamicsreversibility paradox

Identifiers

PMID39766751
PMCPMC11675549

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.