ReviewBioscience of microbiota, food and health2025
Action and immunomodulatory mechanisms, formulations, and safety concerns of probiotics.
Review in Bioscience of microbiota, food and health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dates, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Dietary Fiber, and Probiotics as Potential Complementary Modulators of Gut Microbiota and Oxidative Stress: An Integrative Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Probiotics in Autoimmune Disease: Strain-specific Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Advances in Feline Panleukopenia Virus Vaccines: Immunological Mechanisms, Current Challenges, and Future Perspectives.Viruses · 2026Review
- Bacillus Subtilis THC1I Restores Intestinal Barrier Integrity and Gut Microbiota Balance in a Mouse Model of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea.Current microbiology · 2026Article
- Probiotic Bacteria in Stimulating Human Physiological Responses: Metabolic Function and Overall Health.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Probiotic characterization of Lactobacillus helveticus BGTRM7-58 from Khiki cheese: safety, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant capacity, and anti-biofilm effects against Staphylococcus aureus.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Probiotics and the Human Microbiome: Classical Functions, Emerging Systemic Roles, and Future Therapeutic Frontiers.Biology · 2026Review
- Bridging the Gut Microbiota and the Brain, Kidney, and Cardiovascular Health: The Role of Probiotics.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- The impact of implicit health symbols on probiotic products on purchase intention among gastrointestinal disease patients: evidence from multiple experiments.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
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- Hesperetin Attenuates Liver Fibrosis in Mice by Modulating Selected Gut Microbial Populations and SIRT2-Associated Inflammatory Signaling.Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPRArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The global probiotics market has been continuously growing, driven by consumer demand for immune-enhancing functional foods, dietary supplements, and natural therapeutics for gastrointestinal and gut function-mediated diseases. Probiotic microorganisms represent a diverse group of strains with complex but generalized mechanistic patterns. This review describes the various immunomodulatory mechanisms by which probiotics exert their effects, including the competitive exclusion of pathogenic microbes, production of antimicrobial substances, modulation of the immune system, and improvement of gut barrier function. In addition, the various formulations and methods of delivery of probiotics and the safety concerns associated with these products are also discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.