ArticleNature neuroscience2025
Typical development of synaptic and neuronal properties can proceed without microglia in the cortex and thalamus.
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Article in Nature neuroscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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33citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mismatch negativity matures in adolescence and without sensitivity to microglial depletion.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Microglia-mediated synaptic pruning in neural circuit remodeling: multidimensional control in homeostasis and neuropathology.BMC medicine · 2026Review
- CSF1R-related leukoencephalopathy: experimental models and potential for treatment.Disease models & mechanisms · 2026Review
- Microglial ITAM & ITIM Signaling in Neurodegenerative Disease and Brain Aging.Journal of molecular biology · 2026Review
- Interneuron and glial mechanisms underlying V1 orientation map dynamics.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Genetic-Environmental Programming of Microglial Identity: Shaping Spatiotemporal Dynamics in Neurodevelopment and Neurodevelopmental Diseases.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Iba1 deficiency impairs microglial synaptic remodeling and neuronal survival after axonal injury.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Gas6 restores microglial efferocytosis and limits neuroinflammation in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by activating MerTK and the PI3K-Rac1 pathway.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Melanopsin regulates axonal translation underlying retinohypothalamic circuit assembly.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Germ-free piglets display variable neuroinflammatory-like perturbations in prefrontal cortical microglia.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Spared cognitive and social function following perinatal ablation of ATRX despite transient microglia dysregulation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Phagocytosis and neuroinflammation: orchestrating central nervous system homeostasis, repair, and the resolution of inflammation.Trends in neurosciences · 2026Review
- WONOEP XVII appraisal: The immunopathogenesis of epilepsy.Epilepsia · 2026Review
- GABAeNeuro · 2026Article
- The glia-immune network: Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes as microglial co-ordinators in health and disease.The Journal of physiology · 2026Review
- Prenatal Interferon-Alpha Exposure Induces Autism-Like Neurobehavioral and Neurochemical Alterations in Male Offspring.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- GABAergic neurons exhibit subtype-specific changes in the developing somatosensory cortex of a rat model of Fragile X Syndrome.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
27 authors.
Mary O'Keeffe *Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-3891-0017
Sam A Booker *Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1980-9873
Darren Walsh *Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Mosi LiCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Chloe HenleyCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Laura Simões de OliveiraCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6128-9042
Mingshan LiuCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Xingran WangCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Maria BanqueriCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Katherine RidleyCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Kosala N DissanayakeCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Cristina Martinez-GonzalezCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9969-1160
Kirsty J CraigieCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-1090-0478
Deepali VasoyaCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Tom LeahCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Xin HeCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1753-2591
David A HumeMater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Ian DuguidCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6966-2641
Matthew F NolanCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Jing QiuCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
David J A WyllieCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4957-6049
Owen R DandoCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6269-6408
Alfredo Gonzalez-SulserCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-4029
Jian GanCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0155-6241
Clare PridansSimons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9423-557X
Peter C KindCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. pkind@exseed.ed.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4256-9639
Giles E HardinghamCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. Giles.Hardingham@ed.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7629-5314
Funding
RCUK | Medical Research Council (MRC) UK DRI
Abstract
Brain-resident macrophages, microglia, have been proposed to have an active role in synaptic refinement and maturation, influencing plasticity and circuit-level connectivity. Here we show that several neurodevelopmental processes previously attributed to microglia can proceed without them. Using a genetically modified mouse that lacks microglia (Csf1r
Indexed as
Cerebral CortexMicrogliaNeuronsSynapsesThalamusAnimalsMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, TransgenicReceptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorSomatosensory CortexCsf1r protein, mouseReceptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.