ArticleJournal of experimental orthopaedics2025
Varus alignment of the hip and knee 2 years after anterior cruciate ligament injury is associated with medial tibiofemoral osteoarthritis 3 years later.
Article in Journal of experimental orthopaedics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- A roadmap for developing a program to self-manage post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis risk.Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2026Article
- Surgical Versus Rehabilitation-First Management Strategies After ACL Injury: Persisting Uncertainty over Long-Term Outcomes-A Systematic Search and Narrative Synthesis of Randomized Trial Cohorts.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Varus alignment of the hip and knee 2 years after anterior cruciate ligament injury is associated with medial tibiofemoral osteoarthritis 3 years later.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate if hip and knee alignment assessed 2 years after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is associated with compartment-specific radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) 3 years later. Methods: An exploratory analysis was conducted in the knee ACL, nonsurgical versus surgical treatment (KANON) trial (ISRCTN84752559); 115 subjects with acute ACL injury were assessed at the 2-year follow-up; full-limb images of the injured leg were acquired, and the neck-shaft angle (NSA) and hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA) were measured. At the 5-year follow-up, weight-bearing tibiofemoral and patellofemoral radiographs were obtained. Radiographs were graded according to the OA Research Society International Atlas and Radiographic OA was defined as approximating Kellgren & Lawrence grade 2 or worse. Analysis of covariance adjusting for sex, age, body mass index, randomization and partial meniscectomy recorded at the 2-year follow-up was performed. Results: In patients who had developed medial tibiofemoral OA at the 5-year follow-up, the NSA and the HKA at the 2-year follow-up were smaller (NSA, mean difference = -4.6° [95% confidence interval {CI} -7.9° to -1.1°]; HKA, mean difference = -2.3° [95% CI -4.2° to -0.4°]). No association was observed between the NSA or HKA at the 2-year follow-up and lateral tibiofemoral OA, nor patellofemoral OA at the 5-year follow-up. Conclusion: A smaller NSA and HKA angle of the ACL injured leg (i.e., more varus hip and varus knee alignment) 2 years after the injury was associated with medial tibiofemoral radiographic OA 3 years later. Level of Evidence: Level II exploratory post hoc analysis of an RCT.
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