Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39758676›Full record

ArticleACS omega2024

Optical Recognition of the English Alphabet Using Proteinoids.

Panagiotis Mougkogiannis, Andrew Adamatzky

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS omega, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Fast and Slow Signal Propagation in Abiotic Polypeptide Assemblies.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026
    Article
  2. Biohybrid Computing with Proteinoids and Algae.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Panagiotis MougkogiannisUnconventional Computing Laboratory, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, U.K.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1710-4917
Andrew AdamatzkyUnconventional Computing Laboratory, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, U.K.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1073-2662

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We introduce a new abiotic-protein-based substrate for identifying English alphabet characters optically using proteinoids. Proteinoids, which are amino acid polymers produced under thermal stress conditions, have demonstrated promise as materials that are compatible with living organisms and can be used in a wide range of applications. We explore the potential of using proteinoids for the optical stimulation and detection of English alphabet characters. We performed experiments to quantify the potential and period statistics of proteinoids under optical stimulation corresponding to individual alphabet characters. For each character, we recorded the potential statistics, which included amplitude quartiles, mean, maximum, minimum, and standard deviation. Additionally, the statistical measures of the period, including quartiles, mean, maximum, minimum, and standard deviation, were also recorded. The data gathered unveil unique patterns and features for each alphabet character. The potential and period statistics display fluctuations that can be used for character identification. Characters such as 'D', 'H', and 'L' exhibit greater amplitude means in comparison to others, showing their distinct response to optical stimulation. The period data also reveal variations among characters, with certain characters exhibiting durations that are longer or shorter than others. Our research indicates that proteinoids have the potential to be highly effective unconventional materials for accurately identifying English alphabet symbols using light. Through the analysis of potential and period statistics, we may create recognition algorithms capable of distinguishing characters by their optical response. This technique introduces novel opportunities for biocompatible systems that can recognize characters, and it has promise for applications in diverse sectors, including biocomputing and biosensing. Further research is needed to optimize the proteinoid synthesis process, refine the optical stimulation setup, and create reliable recognition algorithms. The data presented serve as a basis for future research in the domain of unconventional computing, especially on abiotic-protein-based computing devices.

Identifiers

PMID39758676
PMCPMC11696383

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.