ArticleSaudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association2025
Coexisting autoimmune disorders among patients with inflammatory bowel disease at a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.
Article in Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundApproximately 25% of individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) concurrently experience immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), while the overall prevalence of these conditions in the general population is 5-7%. Individuals with IBD and concurrent IMIDs tend to have a more aggressive disease profile. We aimed to assess the prevalence of coexisting autoimmune disorders among patients with IBD and their association with inflammatory bowel disease type.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study at a tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, we examined 875 patients with IBD (530 with Crohn's disease and 345 with ulcerative colitis). Patient demographics, disease types, treatment modalities, and co-occurring autoimmune conditions were analyzed using statistical and regression analyses.
resultsOverall, 21.7%, 19.4%, and 25.2% of the patients had IMIDs, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis, respectively. Patients with ulcerative colitis had higher rates of hepatic autoimmune conditions (9.6%) and endocrine autoimmune diseases (4.1% vs 1.3%; P = 0.010) than those with Crohn's disease (4.5%; P = 0.003). Regression analysis revealed significant associations between hepatic (P = 0.012) and endocrine autoimmune diseases (P = 0.018) with ulcerative colitis diagnosis, although the model's predictive accuracy was moderate (overall, 63%; specificity, 95%; sensitivity, 14%).
conclusionsOur study highlights the significant co-occurrence of autoimmune diseases with IBD, particularly the distinct autoimmune profiles of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Identifying the specific ulcerative colitis-associated autoimmune comorbidities could guide personalized therapeutic strategies and inform future research on the pathophysiological relationship between these conditions.
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