Observational studyNPJ primary care respiratory medicine2025
Description and characterization of pneumococcal community acquired pneumonia (CAP) among radiologically confirmed CAP in outpatients.
Observational study in NPJ primary care respiratory medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical and Economic Burden of Pneumococcal Disease Due to Serotypes Contained in the 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in the Adult Population in France.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Host-pathogen interaction in community-acquired pneumonia: a focus on the immune response.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) remains an important cause of community acquired pneumonia (CAP). We aimed to describe the prevalence and characteristics of outpatients with radiologically confirmed pneumococcal CAP. Between November 2017 and December 2019, a French network of general practitioners enrolled CAP-suspected adults, with ≥1 clinical signs of infection and ≥1 signs of pulmonary localization in an observational study. Pneumococcal CAP was defined by the combination of a chest X-ray (CXR) compatible with CAP and SP detection by any of four microbiological tests (blood culture, sputum culture, pneumococcal urinary antigen test [BinaxNow®] and serotype-specific multiplex urinary antigen detection test [Pfizer Inc®]. To identify other pathogens, next to cultures, nasopharyngeal multiplex PCR was performed. Three hundred and forty-eight patients were included, of whom 144 had a positive CXR, 135/144 (93.8%) had not received antibiotics prior to inclusion, 21/144 (14.6%) had ≥1 positive microbiological test for SP, and 66/144 (45.8%) were negative for all four microbiological tests and were considered as non-pneumococcal CAP. Pneumococcal serotypes were identified for 12 patients. This study assessing the prevalence of SP among CAP outpatients using comprehensive microbiologic testing shows that SP is still the most frequently identified microorganism.
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