ArticlePediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2025
Risk factors and retreatment for relapse in childhood primary nephrotic syndrome treated with rituximab.
Article in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Efficacy and safety of scheduled rituximab in children with refractory nephrotic syndrome after multi-target therapy failure.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies for idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: Advances, challenges, and future directions.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Identification of Risk Factors for Relapse following Rituximab Therapy in Children with Steroid-Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome.Kidney diseases (Basel, Switzerland)Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe effectiveness of rituximab (RTX) for steroid-dependent/frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (SDNS/FRNS) in children is well documented. However, there are insufficient data on relapse risk factors. Additionally, the retreat regimen for relapsed children requires further investigation.
methodsWe administered single dose RTX (375 mg/m
resultsEighty-nine patients were included and the observation period was 12.2-43.2 months. Thirty-three patients (37.1%) relapsed after RTX treatment. Multivariate analysis showed that previous steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) history and low NK-cell percentage at initial RTX treatment were independent risk factors for first relapse. In the relapse group, 26 patients (78.8%) continued RTX treatment upon B-cell recovery. During mean follow-up period of (15.4 ± 8.1) months, 15 patients (45.5%) experienced a second relapse. Compared with non-continued RTX treatment group, the continued RTX treatment group had a lower relapse rate (34.6% (9/26) versus 85.7% (6/7); P = 0.047) and fewer relapses (0.0 (0.0, 0.6) versus 1.8 (0.9, 2.7) times/year; P = 0.004). Multivariate analysis showed that continued RTX treatment was the protective factor for second relapse.
conclusionPrevious SRNS history and low NK-cell percentage at initial RTX treatment may be associated with higher risk of relapse. Despite the possibility of relapse during RTX treatment, continued RTX treatment is effective in reducing relapse.
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