ArticleScientific reports2025
Development of the membrane ceiling method for in vitro spermatogenesis.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Plasma Treatment Enhances Cytocompatibility on Patterned Perfluoroethylene Propylene.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Induction of male neogametogenesis in a three-dimensional microenvironment supporting successful fertilization and proper embryo development.Molecular human reproduction · 2026Article
- Molecular interplay between sperm and oocyte: a narrative review.Human reproduction update · 2026Review
- Sperm and offspring production in a nonobstructive azoospermia mouse model via testicular mRNA delivery using lipid nanoparticles.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- An ex vivo uterine system captures implantation, embryogenesis, and trophoblast invasion via maternal-embryonic signaling.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Advancements in Spermatogenesis In Vitro: From Murine Success to Human Applications.Reproductive medicine and biologyReview
- Toward Implantation-Assisting Technologies: Lessons From In Vivo and Ex Vivo Models.Reproductive medicine and biologyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is one of the most complex processes of cell differentiation and its failure is a major cause of male infertility. Therefore, a proper model that recapitulates spermatogenesis in vitro has been long sought out for basic and clinical research. Testis organ culture using the gas-liquid interphase method has been shown to support spermatogenesis in mice and rats. However, the conventional method using agarose gel has limitations including medium replacement efficiency and live imaging because agarose absorbs medium and is not transparent. To overcome this issue, we developed a new device using microporous membranes and oxygen-permeable materials. Mouse testes sandwiched between a microporous polyethylene terephthalate (PET) membrane on top and an oxygen-permeable 4-polymethyl-1-pentene polymer (PMP) membrane base maintained spermatogenesis over months. The chamber volume was minimized to 0.1% of the culture medium. Weekly time-lapse live imaging enabled us to observe transgenically fluorescent acrosome and nuclear shape formation throughout spermatogenesis. Finally, we obtained healthy fertile offspring from spermatozoa generated in our system. The device could be used not only for basic research to understand spermatogenesis but also for applied research, such as diagnosing and treating male infertility.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.