ArticleScientific reports2025
Association of cardiometabolic index with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among middle-aged and elderly populations.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Predictive value of the novel cardiometabolic index for reduced aerobic capacity in patients with coronary heart disease: a clinical comparative study of 378 cases.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Association of cardiometabolic index with prevalence of stroke, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a prospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Association between cardiometabolic index and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: A cross-sectional study from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015 to 2018.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Early life adversity, educational attainment, and cardiometabolic risk among middle-aged and older adults in the United States.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Article
- Associations of sociodemographic factors and lifestyle behaviors with the risk of cardiometabolic disease: a population-based study from the European health interview survey in Hungary.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Impact of Short-Term Insulin Pump Therapy on Cardiometabolic Index in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Article
- The relationship between cardiometabolic index and hyperuricemia and gout in Korean adults: the 8th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019-2021).Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Association between cardiometabolic index and stage progression in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: insights from a Chinese population-based cohort study.European journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Glycaemic Status Modifies the Association Between Cardiometabolic Index and Cardio-Kidney Outcomes: A Multi-Cohort Analysis.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2026Article
- Association between cardiometabolic index change patterns and incident cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older adults.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Cardiometabolic Index, BMI, Waist Circumference, and Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity Risk in Older Adults.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Baseline and changes in cardiometabolic index and incident cardiovascular disease in two prospective cohorts.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2025Article
- Association Between Cardiometabolic Index and Mortality Among Patients with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Cardiometabolic index as a predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events in atrial fibrillation: insights from a community-based cohort.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Gender differences in the relationship between cardiometabolic index and all-cause and specific mortality in the United States adults: a national study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The Cardiometabolic Index (CMI) is a well-recognized risk factor for a range of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. However, the population-level characteristics of CMI and its potential association with mortality risk among individuals over 40 years of age have not been investigated. This study aims to assess the association between CMI and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among the middle-aged and elderly population. This cohort study utilized data from 3752 American adults extracted from the Sleep Heart Health Study (SHHS) conducted from 1995 to 2011. The CMI was calculated using the waist-to-height ratio, triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality, with mortality data sourced from the SHHS Linked Mortality File. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression models were employed to assess the prognostic value of the CMI. Among the 3752 American adults, the mean (SD) age was 65.9 (10.1) years, and 1969 (52.5%) were women. The mean (SD) CMI was 0.914 ± 0.939. Over an average follow-up period of 10.7 years, there were 926 all-cause deaths and 289 cardiovascular deaths. Participants were categorized into three groups based on their CMI levels: tertile (T) 1: 0.315 ± 0.0994; T2: 0.680 ± 0.128; T3: 1.75 ± 1.23. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that elevated CMI was significantly associated with all-cause mortality (HR 1.215, 95% CI 1.032-1.43 for T2; HR 1.309, 95% CI 1.115-1.537 for T3) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.305, 95% CI 0.971-1.755 for T2; HR 1.457, 95% CI 1.091-1.947 for T3). After adjusting for confounders, elevated CMI remained significantly associated with all-cause mortality (HR 1.315, 95% CI 1.098-1.575 for T3) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.562, 95% CI 1.124-2.17 for T3). Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated significantly worse outcomes for participants in the higher CMI tertiles for both all-cause mortality (log-rank p = 0.0035) and cardiovascular mortality (log-rank p = 0.035). This national cohort study found that CMI is significantly associated with both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among American adults aged over 40. These findings suggest that CMI could be a valuable tool for identifying high-risk individuals, thereby aiding in the implementation of targeted preventive strategies.
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