Observational studyClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2025
Clinical Characterization and Outcomes of Human Clade IIb Mpox Virus Disease: A European Multicenter Mpox Observational Cohort Study (MOSAIC).
Observational study in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mpox animal models: a comprehensive evaluation of susceptible species for pathogenesis studies and drug discovery.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Review
- Comparative pathogenicity study of monkeypox virus Clade Ib and Clade IIb in a rabbit model.Virulence · 2026Article
- Seminal fluid enhances monkeypox virus infection via amyloidogenic fibrils.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Mpox in Europe, 2022-2026: A Scoping Review of Viral Clades, Host Determinants of Severity and Antiviral Therapy.Viruses · 2026Article
- Case presentation of patients hospitalised with mpox (subclade Ib/2023sh) including children, adolescents, and adults in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo: an observational cohort study.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- Clinical trial simulation of antiviral drugs.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Clinical and radiological features of severe mpox: a case series of 16 patients in Beijing, China.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- From neglected to notoriety: a review of Mpox clinical features, virology, epidemiology, treatment and prevention strategies.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Review
- Comparative analysis of Mpox clades: epidemiology, transmission dynamics, and detection strategies.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Surveillance of Mpox Cases in Mexico: Epidemiological Patterns During the 2022-2023 National Outbreak.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
28 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe global mpox outbreak that started in May 2022 was caused by a novel clade IIb variant of the mpox virus (Orthopoxvirus monkeypox, MPXV). It differed from the traditional Western and Central Africa disease in transmission patterns and clinical presentation.
methodsTo address the need for detailed clinical and virologic data, we conducted an observational cohort study (MOSAIC) during May 2022-July 2023 in individuals with confirmed MPXV infection enrolled in 6 European countries. Case management decisions were left to the attending physician. Participants were monitored for up to 6 months for clinical signs/symptoms and clinical and virologic outcomes through hospital visits, phone interviews, and self-administered questionnaires. Outcomes included time to lesion resolution, clinical status, and virus clearance.
resultsThe 518 participants not receiving any specific treatment ("untreated") were diagnosed a median 5 days from symptom onset; 90% were managed as outpatients. Lesions were mostly cutaneous (88%) and perigenital (74%). By day 14 from the first polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive sample, 39% had resolved lesions. Time to 95% unculturable virus was longest in cutaneous lesions (52 days). A putative systemic antiviral was available for 57 participants, 44% as inpatients; 34% and 58% had resolved lesions by day 14 from the first PCR-positive sample and from treatment start, respectively. Time to 95% unculturable virus was 60 days in skin and oropharynx. No death or recrudescence occurred by day 180.
conclusionsMOSAIC provides comprehensive insights into the clinical and virologic characteristics of mpox caused by the clade IIb variant. The study forms the basis of clinical characterization for ongoing mpox outbreaks.
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