ReviewFrontiers in immunology2024
Systematic low-grade chronic inflammation and intrinsic mechanisms in polycystic ovary syndrome.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association between serum complement C3 and polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Antinuclear Antibodies in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence and Levels of Thyroid Autoantibodies in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-Impact of TSH- and BMI-Matched Comparisons: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Dose-response of acupuncture on ovulation rates in polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis and exploratory dose-response analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Serum anti-Müllerian hormone response to pyrroloquinoline quinone supplementation in healthy women: no overall change and exploratory subgroup findings.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Trial
- The cervicovaginal gut microbiota axis as a key determinant of systemic physiology.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Research progress on the role of IL‑37 in gynecological and obstetrics‑related diseases (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Immunometabolic Dysregulation in Female Obesity: Mechanistic Links to Ovarian Dysfunction, Implantation Failure, and Preeclampsia.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Defining metabolic heterogeneity in polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome based on the MTHFR C677T polymorphism: the potential pathway role of homocysteine.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Article
- Long-term sucralose exposure might possibly contribute to the formation of polycystic ovaries by promoting ovarian senescence in animal models.Human cell · 2026Article
- Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome (PMOS; Formerly Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/PCOS) and Susceptibility to Microbial Infections: Mechanisms, Clinical Management, and Reproductive Consequences - A Comprehensive Review.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Review
- Integrative Multi-omics Analysis for Prioritization of Candidate Genes in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Divergent Immune and Endothelial Responses to Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Metabolic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Berberine-Rationale for Its Therapeutic Potential in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Hormonal therapy and cardiovascular risk in polycystic ovary syndrome: a propensity-matched cohort study.Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center) · 2026Article
- Dietary inflammatory index is associated with female infertility: a cross-sectional analysis of the Fasa adults cohort study.BMC nutrition · 2026Article
- Long-term ovarian function risks associated with combined oral contraceptive administration in polycystic ovary syndrome: multisource data integration and protective mechanisms of metformin.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- FMT from IBS-D Rats Impairs Intestinal Barrier Function and is Associated with Increased Intestinal Benzoic Acid andJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- THBS1 Induces Dysfunction of Ovarian Granulosa Cells in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Activating the TGF-β/Smad Pathway.Biomedicines · 2026Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder affecting 6-20% of women of childbearing age worldwide. Immune cell imbalance and dysregulation of inflammatory factors can lead to systematic low-grade chronic inflammation (SLCI), which plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. A significant higher infiltration of immune cells such as macrophages and lymphocytes and pro-inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α has been detected in PCOS organ systems, impacting not only the female reproductive system but also other organs such as the cardiovascular, intestine, liver, thyroid, brain and other organs. Obesity, insulin resistance (IR), steroid hormones imbalance and intestinal microecological imbalance, deficiencies in vitamin D and selenium, as well as hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) can induce systematic imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cells and molecules. The pro-inflammatory cells and cytokines also interact with obesity, steroid hormones imbalance and IR, leading to increased metabolic imbalance and reproductive-endocrine dysfunction in PCOS patients. This review aims to summarize the dysregulation of immune response in PCOS organ system and the intrinsic mechanisms affecting SLCI in PCOS to provide new insights for the systemic inflammatory treatment of PCOS in the future.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.