Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39748328›Full record

ArticleBMC plant biology2025

Silicon-mediated modulation of maize growth, metabolic responses, and antioxidant mechanisms under saline conditions.

Muhammad Saad Ullah, Athar Mahmood, Hussam F Najeeb Alawadi, Mahmoud F Seleiman, Bilal Ahmad Khan, Muhammad Mansoor Javaid, Abdul Wahid, Fnu Abdullah, Daniel O Wasonga

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC plant biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  3. Review
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  5. Article
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  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Biomass Sorghum (Insects · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Muhammad Saad UllahDepartment of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
Athar MahmoodDepartment of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan. athar.mahmood@uaf.edu.pk.
Hussam F Najeeb AlawadiCollege of Agriculture, Al-Qadisiyah University, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq.
Mahmoud F SeleimanDepartment of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Bilal Ahmad KhanDepartment of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX-77843, USA.
Muhammad Mansoor JavaidDepartment of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
Abdul WahidDepartment of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX-77843, USA.
Fnu AbdullahDepartment of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX-77843, USA.
Daniel O WasongaDepartment of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.

Funding

King Saud University RSPD2025R751
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study explored how exogenous silicon (Si) affects growth and salt resistance in maize.

methodsThe maize was cultivated in sand-filled pots, incorporating varied silicon and salt stress (NaCl) treatments. Silicon was applied at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 mM, and salt stress was induced using 0, 60 and120 mM concentrations. Soil salinity triggers a range of physiochemical abnormalities, often leading to growth arrest and, eventually, the demise of susceptible plants.

resultsThe salt stress significantly reduced the total chlorophyll content (12.58-33.14%), antioxidant enzymes, notably SOD (32-46%), POD (10.33-18.48%), and CAT (10.05-13.19%). In contrast, salt stress increased secondary metabolites, including total phenols (49.11-66.35%.), flavonoids (220.99-280.36%), and anthocyanin (50.04-58.6%). Adding silicon under salt stress reduced the absorption of Na

conclusionSilicon application positively impacted nearly all growth and physiological features, indicating it helps mitigate against salinity. This was achieved by regulating various salinity indicators, where secondary metabolites, including anthocyanin, ascorbic acid, total phenols, and flavonoids, increased.

Indexed as

AntioxidantsSiliconZea maysChlorophyllSalinitySalt StressSalt ToleranceAntioxidantsChlorophyllSiliconAntioxidantsGrowth parametersMaizePhysiologySalinitySecondary metabolitesSilicon

Identifiers

PMID39748328
PMCPMC11694466

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.