Trial reportNature medicine2025
Empagliflozin in nondiabetic individuals with calcium and uric acid kidney stones: a randomized phase 2 trial.
Trial report in Nature medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04911660 (Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Crossover Trial Assessing the Impact of the SGLT2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin on Urinary Supersaturations in Kidney Stone Formers), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Crossover Trial Assessing the Impact of the SGLT2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin on Urinary Supersaturations in Kidney Stone Formers
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- SGLT2 Inhibitors in Nephrolithiasis: Emerging Evidence and What Urologists Need to Know.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Magnesium and kidney stones: a concise narrative review.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- Off-label use of dapagliflozin in a dog with recurrent calcium oxalate urolithiasis: a case report.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Is thirst the missing physiological link between SGLT2 inhibitors and reduced nephrolithiasis risk?Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes and Kidney Stones: Strengthening Links Over Time?TouchREVIEWS in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Calcium Phosphate Nephrolithiasis: A Comprehensive Review.Kidney medicine · 2026Review
- More than Glucose Elimination: Additional Benefits of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Glomerular Diseases.Drugs · 2026Review
- Apigenin activates AKT1 to coordinate MTOR-mediated anti-apoptosis and FOXO3-driven antioxidant defense in calcium oxalate nephropathy.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Article
- Beyond expensive innovations: affordable and effective strategies for managing tubulopathies in adults.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors Prevent Nephrolithiasis in Patients with Diabetes: A TriNetX-Based Real-World Global Comparison.Kidney360 · 2026Article
- Citrate-coated Prussian blue nanozyme hitchhikes neutrophils to ameliorate calcium oxalate crystal-induced kidney injury via inhibiting pyroptosis and NETosis.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Ten tips on the work-up and management of CKD patients with nephrolithiasis.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota modulation in GLP-1RA and SGLT-2i therapy: clinical implications and mechanistic insights in type 2 diabetes.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Review
- Kidney stones and SGLT2 inhibitors.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2025Article
- Balancing Stone Prevention and Kidney Function: A Therapeutic Dilemma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- BRI is an independent predictor of new-onset kidney stones in a non-diabetic population: a retrospective analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Empagliflozin targeting STAT3/Akt/Nrf2 axis promoting diabetic wound healing in rat model.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Lupus Nephritis and ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: Unmet Needs to be Addressed.Glomerular diseasesReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Efficacy of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for kidney stone prevention in nondiabetic patients is unknown. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center, crossover phase 2 trial, 53 adults (≥18 and <75 years) with calcium (n = 28) or uric acid (UA; n = 25) kidney stones (at least one previous kidney stone event) without diabetes (HbA1c < 6.5%, no diabetes treatment) were randomized to once daily empagliflozin 25 mg followed by placebo or reverse (2 weeks per treatment). Randomization and analysis were performed separately for both stone types. Primary analyses were conducted in the per protocol set. Primary outcomes were urine relative supersaturation ratios (RSRs) for calcium oxalate (CaOx), calcium phosphate (CaP) and UA-validated surrogates for stone recurrence. Prespecified RSR reductions (≥15%) were met in both groups of stone formers. In patients with calcium stones, empagliflozin reduced RSR CaP (relative difference to placebo, -36%; 95% confidence interval, -48% to -21%; P < 0.001), but not RSRs CaOx and UA. In patients with UA stones, empagliflozin reduced RSR UA (-30%; 95% confidence interval, -44% to -12%; P = 0.002) but not RSRs CaOx and CaP. No serious or prespecified adverse events occurred. Thus, empagliflozin substantially reduced RSRs in nondiabetic adults with calcium and UA kidney stones. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT04911660 .
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.