Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39747632›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Beam steering by two vertically faced metasurfaces using polarization free unit cells with three operating modes.

Mohammadreza Jahangiri, Hossein Soleimani, Mohammad Soleimani

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Mohammadreza JahangiriSchool of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 1684613114, Iran.
Hossein SoleimaniSchool of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 1684613114, Iran. hsoleimani@iust.ac.ir.
Mohammad SoleimaniSchool of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 1684613114, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) are valuable tools for enhancing the intelligence of the propagation environment. They have the ability to direct EM Waves to a specific user through beamforming. A significant number of passive elements are integrated into metasurfaces, allowing for their incorporation onto various surfaces such as walls and buildings. In certain situations, metasurfaces may need to be installed on surfaces that are not flat, such as surfaces with curves or surfaces with two sides. Line of sight and non line of sight rays are radiated toward IRS and both components must be considered in channel modeling. In this work, a unit cell with three polarization modes, consisting of absorption, reflection, and a 1-bit phase shift, is designed and investigated. The unit cell in the nonplanar metasurface is composed of two vertical surfaces. A mathematical model is used to analyze two vertically-faced metasurfaces. The results include S parameter values and full structure radiation pattern in simulation and measurement. It is demonstrated that both absorption reflection mode and phase shift mode are achieved within a specific frequency band. The simulations demonstrate that an appropriate absorption level, reaching - 10 dB, is achieved in absorption mode. In reflection mode, a 180-degree phase shift is achieved within the same frequency band. Reports on the radiation pattern of two vertically faced structures indicate that there is no quantized beam when there is a one-bit phase shift. Channel modeling and signal to noise ratio of the designed metasurface in wireless network is represented in comparison with planar metasurface with the same cell number.

Indexed as

Absorption reflectionBeamformingChannel modelingMetasurfacePhase shiftTwo vertically faced metasurface

Identifiers

PMID39747632
PMCPMC11696917

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.