ArticleAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)2025
Tunable Bicontinuous Macroporous Cell Culture Scaffolds via Kinetically Controlled Phase Separation.
Article in Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fundamentals and Advances in Programmable Peptide Hydrogels for Multifunctional Biomedical Applications: A Review.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Phase-separated hydrogels for advanced biomedical engineering: From material design to applications.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Article
- Arresting Microphase Separation Encodes Material Mechanics by Sculpting Microarchitectures and Local Polymer Enrichment.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Strategies to control cellular spatial organization in microphysiological systems.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Review
- Harnessing Phase Separation for the Development of High-Performance Hydrogels.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- From Design to Application: Advanced Cellulose Scaffolds for Engineered Tissue Regeneration.Polymers · 2026Review
- Multi-scale Engineered Vasculature and Hierarchical Porosity via Volumetric Bioprinting-Guided Photopolymerization-Induced Phase Separation.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Heterogeneous polymerization via two-step crosslinking for tunable microribbon hydrogels.Biofabrication · 2025Article
- Cell Contractile Forces Drive Spatiotemporal Morphogenesis in 4D Bioprinted Living Constructs.Matter · 2025Article
- Bijel Membranes with Tunable Porosity for pH-responsive Microfiltration.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- Tuneable Hydrogel Porosity via Dynamic Tailoring of Spinodal Decomposition.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Cell-guiding microporous hydrogels by photopolymerization-induced phase separation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Tunable Bicontinuous Macroporous Cell Culture Scaffolds via Kinetically Controlled Phase Separation.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
3D scaffolds enable biological investigations with a more natural cell conformation. However, the porosity of synthetic hydrogels is often limited to the nanometer scale, which confines the movement of 3D encapsulated cells and restricts dynamic cell processes. Precise control of hydrogel porosity across length scales remains a challenge and the development of porous materials that allow cell infiltration, spreading, and migration in a manner more similar to natural ECM environments is desirable. Here, a straightforward and reliable method is presented for generating kinetically-controlled macroporous biomaterials using liquid-liquid phase separation between poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and dextran. Photopolymerization-induced phase separation resulted in macroporous hydrogels with tunable pore size. Varying light intensity and hydrogel composition controlled polymerization kinetics, time to percolation, and complete gelation, which defined the average pore diameter (Ø = 1-200 µm) and final gel stiffness of the formed hydrogels. Critically, for biological applications, macroporous hydrogels are prepared from aqueous polymer solutions at physiological pH and temperature using visible light, allowing for direct cell encapsulation. Human dermal fibroblasts in a range of macroporous gels are encapsulated with different pore sizes. Porosity improved cell spreading with respect to bulk gels and allowed migration in the porous biomaterials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.