Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39744831›Full record

ArticleJournal of interpersonal violence2026

Promoting Classroom Climate and Why it Matters in Anti-Hate Speech Prevention Programs: A HateLess Evaluation Study.

Sebastian Wachs, Catherine Schittenhelm, Maxime Kops, Michelle F Wright

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of interpersonal violence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sebastian WachsUniversity of Münster, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2787-6646
Catherine SchittenhelmUniversity of Münster, Germany.ORCID 0009-0002-0371-5178
Maxime KopsUniversity of Münster, Germany.ORCID 0009-0009-3612-9459
Michelle F WrightIndiana State University, Terre Haute, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Inclusive and supportive classroom environments are essential, particularly during political and societal crises such as wars, disinformation, polarization, and rising populism and extremism. While existing research underscores the importance of such environments, few studies comprehensively examine the impact of anti-hate speech prevention programs on classroom dynamics and students' social development. This study addressed this gap by investigating the direct and indirect effects of the HateLess anti-hate speech prevention program on inclusive classroom climate, classroom cohesion, empathy, and self-efficacy among adolescents. A sample of 820 adolescents aged 12 to 16 years (

Indexed as

SchoolsSocial EnvironmentStudentsAdolescentChildEmpathyFemaleGermanyHumansMaleProgram EvaluationSelf Efficacyadolescentsempathyhate speechinclusionpreventionschool climateself-efficacy

Identifiers

PMID39744831
PMCPMC12662843

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.