Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39743985›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of sports medicine2025

Longitudinal Changes in Medial Meniscal Extrusion After ACL Injury and Reconstruction and Its Relationship With Cartilage Degeneration Assessed Using MRI-Based T1ρ and T2 Analysis.

Shotaro Watanabe, Gabby B Joseph, Dai Sato, Drew A Lansdown, Julio Brandao Guimaraes, Thomas M Link, Chunbong Benjamin Ma

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of sports medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07592871 (Bidirectional Cohort of Lower-Extremity Sports Injuries and Degeneration), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07592871 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Bidirectional Cohort of Lower-Extremity Sports Injuries and Degeneration (Yongjiang Cohort)

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorNingbo No.2 HospitalRan2026 to 2028Enrolled500ConditionsOsteoarthritis (OA) of the KneeArmsRoutine Clinical Care
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Meniscal extrusion: Multiple theories, one clinical challenge.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Shotaro WatanabeDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1146-1991
Gabby B JosephDepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Dai SatoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Drew A LansdownDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Julio Brandao GuimaraesDepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Thomas M LinkDepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Chunbong Benjamin MaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.

Funding

Translation of Quantitative Imaging in OsteoarthritisP50AR060752 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI SOUZA, RICHARD BRIAN · 2011 to 2015
$6.2M
NIAMS NIH HHS P50 AR060752
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury often leads to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), despite ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Medial meniscal extrusion (MME) is implicated in PTOA progression but remains understudied after ACL injury and ACLR. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: It was hypothesized that MME would increase longitudinally after ACL injury and ACLR, with greater changes in the ipsilateral knee compared with the contralateral knee, leading to cartilage degeneration. The study aimed to assess MME 3 years after ACLR and its relationship with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1ρ and T2 as cartilage degeneration markers. STUDY

designCohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

methodsMME and relative percentage of extrusion (RPE) were measured on 3 coronal slices of 3-dimensional fast spin-echo images and the mean values were used. T1ρ and T2 sequences were obtained and cartilage compositional measurements were performed using in-house developed software with MATLAB. Mixed models were used to assess the longitudinal changes and linear regression was used to assess the relationships between RPE and T1ρ and T2 values.

resultsA total of 54 participants with unilateral ACL injuries underwent preoperative bilateral knee MRI. A total of 36 participants completed MR scans at 6 months and 3 years after ACLR. MME and RPE measurements demonstrated high reliability (ICC > 0.88 and > 0.91, respectively). The predicted values of MME and RPE from the mixed models showed that the ipsilateral side had significantly greater MME and RPE than the contralateral side at all 3 time points (

conclusionMME and RPE obtained pre- and postoperatively after ACLR on the ipsilateral side were significantly greater than those on the contralateral side, and the longitudinal increases on the ipsilateral side were greater than those on the contralateral side. Postoperative RPE was significantly associated with cartilage degeneration in the posterior medial femoral condyle.

Indexed as

Anterior Cruciate Ligament InjuriesAnterior Cruciate Ligament ReconstructionCartilage, ArticularMenisci, TibialOsteoarthritis, KneeTibial Meniscus InjuriesAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleYoung Adultanterior cruciate ligament injuryanterior cruciate ligament reconstructionmedial meniscal extrusionposttraumatic osteoarthritisquantitative magnetic resonance imaging

Identifiers

PMID39743985
PMCPMC11796289

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.