Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39738725›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

Continuous glucose monitoring among adults with type 2 diabetes receiving noninsulin or basal insulin therapy in primary care.

Stephen Shields, Roy Thomas, Joy Durham, Joseph Moran, Jake Clary, Elizabeth L Ciemins

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Beyond Coverage Expansion: Exploring Persistent Barriers to CGM Utilization in the Clinical Environment.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. The Expanding Role of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in the Management and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Stephen ShieldsResearch & Analytics Department of AMGA (American Medical Group Association), Alexandria, VA, USA. sshields@amga.org.
Roy ThomasDexcom, Inc, San Diego, CA, USA.
Joy DurhamPiedmont HealthCare, Statesville, NC, USA.
Joseph MoranPiedmont HealthCare, Statesville, NC, USA.
Jake ClaryPiedmont HealthCare, Statesville, NC, USA.
Elizabeth L CieminsResearch & Analytics Department of AMGA (American Medical Group Association), Alexandria, VA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D) continue to rise in the United States, with many patients failing to achieve glycemic targets. Primary care providers often serve as the sole clinician managing diabetes. Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) have shown promise in diabetes management, yet their adoption in primary care settings, especially among patients with T2D not using intensive insulin therapy, remains limited. We sought to evaluate the impact of CGM use on glycemic control in patients with T2D not using insulin and those using basal but not bolus insulin in a primary care setting. CGM use was associated with a significantly greater reduction in HbA1c (-0.62%, p < 0.01) compared with matched controls at 3 months (n = 182). Patients showed improvements in time in range (39.7-61.9%, p < 0.0001), time > 180 mg/dL (60.1-37.9%, p < 0.001), time > 250 mg/dL (27.6-8.5%, p < 0.001), mean estimated glucose value (212 mg/dL to 173 mg/dL, p < 0.001) and glucose management indicator (8.39-7.46%, p < 0.001). CGM use in a primary care setting compared to usual care significantly improved glycemic control in T2D patients not on bolus insulin, irrespective of treatment with non-insulin or basal insulin. This suggests potential for broader CGM integration in primary care.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Hypoglycemic AgentsInsulinPrimary Health CareAdultAgedContinuous Glucose MonitoringFemaleGlycated HemoglobinGlycemic ControlHumansMaleMiddle AgedBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinBasal insulinContinuous glucose monitors (CGMs)Glycemic controlInsulinNoninsulinPrimary careType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID39738725
PMCPMC11686249

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.