ArticleNature communications2024
Lactobacillus crispatus S-layer proteins modulate innate immune response and inflammation in the lower female reproductive tract.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association Between Vaginal Microbiota and Cervical Dysplasia Due to Persistent Human Papillomavirus Infection: A Systematic Review of Evidence from Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Inferred functional microbiome features are associated with clinical trajectories of low-grade cervical lesions.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- The Female Reproductive Microbiome: Mechanistic Insights and Bioengineering Perspectives.Biology · 2026Review
- The Impact of the Vaginal Microbiome and Microbial Metabolites on HIV Transmission at the Female Reproductive Tract Epithelial Barrier.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Harnessing the Vaginal Microbiome: A New Frontier in the Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Multiomic analysis reveals that polyamines alter G. vaginalis-induced cervicovaginal epithelial cell dysfunction.Research square · 2026Article
- Symptom-linked disruption of the vaginal Lactobacillus-IL-2/IFN-γ axis in genitourinary syndrome of menopause related symptoms.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The role of the microbiome in uterine cancer: insights into tumorigenesis, therapeutic implications, and clinical prospects.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2026Review
- The Microbiome-Mitochondria-Extracellular Vesicle Axis in HPV Persistence and Cervical Carcinogenesis.Genes · 2026Review
- Differential Host Gene Expression Associated with Non-Research square · 2026Article
- Impact of prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics on maternal and fetal health: mechanisms, efficacy, and safety across pregnancy.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Assembly, architecture and functional roles of microbial surface layers.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Induction of Human β-Defensin-2 by VaginalOpen forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- An oral immune enhancer with excellent biocompatibility for effectively strengthening body's immunity and treating cancer.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- A microbiota-host axis mediates prostaglandin sensitivity: Lactobacillus crispatus as a biomarker and regulator of human labor induction.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Vaginal-Derived Potential Probiotics and Their Postbiotics Alleviate Aerobic Vaginitis via Suppressing TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Signalling Pathway and Potentially Enhancing Vaginal Barrier.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Article
- Precision Microbial Therapeutics for Infertility: Next-Generation Probiotics, Engineered Biologics and Translational Pathways.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Review
- Exopolysaccharides of Lactobacillus crispatus mediate key balancing interactions with the vaginal mucosa.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Resource landscape shapes the composition and stability of the human vaginal microbiota.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota-Driven Pathways Linking Chronic Stress to Tumor Progression.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Lactobacillus species dominance of the vaginal microbiome is a hallmark of vaginal health. Pathogen displacement of vaginal lactobacilli drives innate immune activation and mucosal barrier disruption, increasing the risks of STI acquisition and, in pregnancy, of preterm birth. We describe differential TLR mediated activation of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB by vaginal pathogens and commensals. Vaginal Lactobacillus strains associated with optimal health selectively interact with anti-inflammatory innate immune receptors whereas species associated with suboptimal health including L. iners and Gardnerella vaginalis interact with both pro- and anti-inflammatory receptors. Anti-inflammatory action of L. crispatus is regulated by surface layer protein (SLPs)-mediated shielding of TLR ligands and selective interaction with the anti-inflammatory receptor DC-SIGN. Detection of SLPs within cervicovaginal fluid samples is associated with decreased concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in Lactobacillus crispatus-dominated samples. These data offer mechanistic insights into how vaginal microbiota modulate host immune response and thus reproductive health and disease states.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.