Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39737467›Full record

ArticleBrain communications2025

Blood-brain barrier disruption and microglial activation during hypoxia and post-hypoxic recovery in aged mice.

Arjun Sapkota, Sebok K Halder, Richard Milner

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Cell-to-Cell Signaling Networks at the Blood-Brain Barrier in Health and Disease.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026
    Review
  2. Relationship between MSpOSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Arjun SapkotaSan Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
Sebok K HalderSan Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9472-3864
Richard MilnerSan Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hypoxia triggers blood-brain barrier disruption and a strong microglial activation response around leaky cerebral blood vessels. These events are greatly amplified in aged mice which is translationally relevant because aged patients are far more likely to suffer hypoxic events from heart or lung disease, and because of the pathogenic role of blood-brain barrier breakdown in vascular dementia. Importantly, it is currently unclear if disrupted cerebral blood vessels spontaneously repair and if they do, whether surrounding microglia deactivates. In this study, we addressed these questions by exposing aged (20 months old) mice to chronic mild hypoxia (8% O

Indexed as

agedblood–brain barrier integrityblood vesselschronic mild hypoxiamicroglia

Identifiers

PMID39737467
PMCPMC11683835

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.