ArticleOpen veterinary journal2024
Physiological and clinical parameters under different protocols of total intravenous anesthesia in llama (
Article in Open veterinary journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: The limited and detailed literature on total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA), as well as the clinical indications for unilateral ovariectomy in llamas, are not well-defined. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the anesthetic events and the surgical intervention in this species. Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the intraoperative physiological and clinical parameters in llamas undergoing unilateral ovariectomy, under three protocols of TIVA. Methods: The study was conducted with 30 healthy female llamas. Three groups were considered G1: Pre-anaesthetic - xylazine i/v, Induction: ketamine. Maintenance: fentanyl and ketamine (FLK) (fentanyl + lidocaine + ketamine) by continuous infusion. G2: Pre-anaesthetic - midazolam + tramadol + ketamine i/v. Induction - propofol. Maintenance, boluses of 20% of the total induction dose were added if required. G3: Pre-anaesthetic - midazolam + xylazine i/v. Induction: ketamine. Maintenance: with 20% of the total induction.Physiological parameters were evaluated at 5, 15, and 30 minutes. Results: The heart rate, respiratory rate, arterial oxygen saturation (SpO Conclusion: The animals of the three groups showed significant differences in their physiological and clinical parameters, in response to the agents used. The G1 protocol: xylazine, ketamine y FLK. Demonstrated better physiological and hemodynamic stability with an acceptable level of surgical anesthesia.
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