ArticleCureus2024
The Role of the Atherogenic Index of Plasma and the Castelli Risk Index I and II in Cardiovascular Disease.
Article in Cureus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Non-traditional lipid-inflammatory parameters estimate the risk of stroke in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a nationwide prospective cohort study.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- An explainable machine learning method for identifying key atherogenic lipid biomarkers in abdominal obesity among the Southern Chinese population.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Role of second-trimester hematological and biochemical indicators in predicting preeclampsia: a retrospective study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- ADAMTS13 Gene Polymorphisms and Coronary Artery Disease Risk, Long-Term Survival, and Risk Factor Profile.Genes · 2026Article
- Impact of a Hypocaloric Diet on Prognostic Biomarkers of Endothelial Dysfunction: A Prospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Lipid-based atherogenic indices and their relationship with cardiovascular disease risk in an African population of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Cardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports · 2026Article
- Effect of Calafate (Journal of nutrition and metabolism · 2026Article
- Beyond HOMA-IR: Comparative Evaluation of Insulin Resistance and Anthropometric Indices Across Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Metabolic Syndrome Patients.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The association between different lipid indices and hyperuricemia in older adults: a cross-sectional study.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Spherical Coordinate System for Dyslipoproteinemia Phenotyping and Risk Prediction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Determinants of Atherogenic Dyslipidemia and Lipid Ratios: Associations with Sociodemographic Profile, Lifestyle, and Social Isolation in Spanish Workers.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on the atherogenic plasma index: A retrospective analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Exploring the association between healthy lifestyle score and atherogenic indices in a general population of Iranian adults.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Correlation between Castelli risk index-I and female infertility: A cross-sectional study.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Assessing a Possibility of Divergent Metabolic Responses to Diet Adjustment and Changes of Eating Behaviours in Female Schizophrenia Patients.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular Disease Markers in Schizophrenia During Negative Symptoms and Remission Periods.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
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Abstract
introductionMetabolic syndrome (MS), identified by abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and/or dyslipidemia, occurs across all BMI (body mass index) ranges and increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) diseases and type II diabetes. The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) and Castelli Risk Index (CRI) I & II are ratios that can be calculated from a simple lipid profile test. These ratios are independent risk factors for CV diseases and have been shown to be increased in angiographically confirmed coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. This study aimed to assess CV risk across the different subtypes of obesity: metabolically obese non-obese (MONO), metabolically healthy non-obese (MHNO), metabolically obese obese (MOO), and metabolically healthy obese (MHO) using AIP and CRI I & II and to study the association of AIP, CRI I & II with other CV risk factors such as total body fat percentage (BF%), visceral fat percentage (VF%), and BMI. Assessing CV risk in an individual based on the person's subtype of obesity using ratios calculated from simple lipid profile parameters may prove beneficial to developing better screening strategies.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 128 adults with BMI ≥18.5 kg/m
resultsMONO, MHNO, MOO, and MHO constituted 26 (20.3%), 48 (37.5%), 28 (21.8%), and 26 (20.3%) of the 128 subjects, respectively. AIP ≥0.24 was found in 16 (61.5%) of MONO and in 16 (51.1%) of MOO subjects. CRI-I >4 was found in 19 (73.1%) and 16 (57.1%) subjects of the MONO and MOO groups, respectively. Eleven (42.3%) and 12 (42.9%) of MONO and MOO subjects, respectively, had CRI-II >3. Pearson's correlation revealed for AIP r=0.32, p=0.000 and r=0.43, p=0.000 with VF% and BMI, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) for AIP and CRI I & II to detect the presence of MS were 0.84, 0.74, and 0.73, respectively.
conclusionCV risk, as assessed by AIP and CRI I & II in the different subtypes of obesity, was found to be highest in the MONO group, followed by the MOO group. With BMI and VF%, AIP showed a moderately positive linear correlation. API and CRI could be tools of low cost and moderate reliability in screening the general population for risk of CV disease.
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