Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39732900›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

Innovative MIM diplexer with neural network enhanced refractive index detection for advanced photonic applications.

Seyed Abed Zonouri, Ali Basem, Younis Mohamed Atiah Al-Zahy

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Seyed Abed ZonouriElectrical Engineering Department, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. a.zonoori@yahoo.com.
Ali BasemFaculty of Engineering, Warith Al-Anbiyaa University, Karbala, 56001, Iraq.
Younis Mohamed Atiah Al-ZahyCollege of Education, Department of Physics, Misan University, Amarah, Iraq.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study introduces a high-performance 4-channel Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) diplexer, employing silver and Teflon, optimized for advanced photonic applications. The proposed diplexer, configured with two novel band-pass filters (BPFs), operates across four distinct wavelength bands (843 nm, 1090 nm, 1452 nm, 1675 nm) by precisely manipulating the passband dimensions. Utilizing Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulations, the designed diplexer achieves exceptional sensitivity values of 3500 nm/RIU, 4250 nm/RIU, 3375 nm/RIU, and 4003 nm/RIU, along with high figures of merit (FOM) ranging from 113.4 to 124.7 1/RIU. Also, the compact design (400 nm × 830 nm) underscores its suitability for integrated photonic circuits and advanced sensing applications. Furthermore, to further enhance accuracy in detecting refractive index (RI) changes, a multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network was employed, ensuring the highest sensor accuracy. The accuracy of the MIM diplexer's RI measurements was statistically validated through a one-sample t-test, confirming the sensor's reliability. Comparative analysis with existing sensors highlights the diplexer's superior sensitivity and efficiency, setting a new benchmark in optical communication and photonic sensing technologies. This work paves the way for future advancements in miniaturized, high-sensitivity optical devices, offering robust solutions for next-generation communication and sensing systems.

Indexed as

High sensitivityMIM diplexerMLP neural networkPhotonic sensorsRefractive index detection

Identifiers

PMID39732900
PMCPMC11682363

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.