Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39732621›Full record

ReviewFEMS microbiology reviews2025

Microbial adaptive pathogenicity strategies to the host inflammatory environment.

Sophia U J Hitzler, Candela Fernández-Fernández, Dolly E Montaño, Axel Dietschmann, Mark S Gresnigt

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in FEMS microbiology reviews, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Proteome Remodelling inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  2. NIR-Assisted Multimodal Strategies for Enhanced Antibacterial Therapy.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. RNA modification is the mark and strategy for host-microbe interactions.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025
    Review
  11. Host-Associated Biofilms:Microorganisms · 2025
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Sophia U J HitzlerJunior Research Group Adaptive Pathogenicity Strategies, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany.
Candela Fernández-FernándezJunior Research Group Adaptive Pathogenicity Strategies, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-3277-7522
Dolly E MontañoJunior Research Group Adaptive Pathogenicity Strategies, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7714-987X
Axel DietschmannJunior Research Group Adaptive Pathogenicity Strategies, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0598-9714
Mark S GresnigtJunior Research Group Adaptive Pathogenicity Strategies, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany.

Funding

Boehringer Ingelheim FoundationDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 434385622/GR 5617/1-1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pathogenic microorganisms can infect a variety of niches in the human body. During infection, these microbes can only persist if they adapt adequately to the dynamic host environment and the stresses imposed by the immune system. While viruses entirely rely on host cells to replicate, bacteria and fungi use their pathogenicity mechanisms for the acquisition of essential nutrients that lie under host restriction. An inappropriate deployment of pathogenicity mechanisms will alert host defence mechanisms that aim to eradicate the pathogen. Thus, these adaptations require tight regulation to guarantee nutritional access without eliciting strong immune activation. To work efficiently, the immune system relies on a complex signalling network, involving a myriad of immune mediators, some of which are quite directly associated with imminent danger for the pathogen. To manipulate the host immune system, viruses have evolved cytokine receptors and viral cytokines. However, among bacteria and fungi, selected pathogens have evolved the capacity to use these inflammatory response-specific signals to regulate their pathogenicity. In this review, we explore how bacterial and fungal pathogens can sense the immune system and use adaptive pathogenicity strategies to evade and escape host defence to ensure their persistence in the host.

Indexed as

BacteriaFungiHost-Pathogen InteractionsInflammationAdaptation, PhysiologicalAnimalsHumansVirulenceadaptationadaptive predictionimmune escapeimmune evasionimmune sensing

Identifiers

PMID39732621
PMCPMC11737513

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.